Abortion

Páginas: 6 (1422 palabras) Publicado: 28 de abril de 2010
Hallucinogens
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What are hallucinogens?
Hallucinogens are a group of illegal drugs that work on the brain to affect the senses and cause ‘hallucinations’ – seeing, smelling, tasting, or touching things that don’t exist. A person’s thinking, sense of time, and emotions (rapid and intense emotional swings) can also be altered.

Some hallucinogens are synthetically manufactured, like LSD(lysergic acid diethylamide) and PCP (phencyclidine, or “angel dust”). Others are naturally occurring compounds found in particular plants, seeds, fungi, and leaves

Some depressant and stimulant drugs also have a hallucinogenic effect in high doses, including marijuana, cocaine, and ecstasy.Since a person’s sense of distance, time, and objective reality are under the influence ofhallucinogens, serious injury and accidental death are a real risk.

How hallucinogens work
Hallucinogens cause their effects by disrupting the interaction of nerve cells and the neurotransmitter serotonin. Distributed throughout the brain and the spinal cord, the serotonin system is involved in the control of behavioral, perceptual, and regulatory systems including mood, hunger, body temperature, sexualbehavior, muscle control, and sensory perception.

Lysergic Acid Diethylamide is a clear or white, odorless, water-soluble material synthesized from lysergic acid, a compound derived from a rye fungus. LSD is the most potent mood and perception altering drug known; oral doses as small as 30 micrograms can produce effects that can last 6 to 12 hours. LSD is initially produced in crystalline form.The pure crystal can be crushed to powder and mixed with binding agents to produce tablets known as "microdots" or thin squares of gelatin called "window panes"; more commonly, it is dissolved, diluted, and applied to paper or other materials. The most common form of LSD is called "blotter acid" - sheets of paper soaked in LSD and perforated into 1/4-inch square, individual dosage units. Variationsin manufacturing and the presence of contaminants can produce LSD in colors ranging from clear or white, in its purest form, to tan or even black. Even uncontaminated LSD begins to degrade and discolor soon after it is manufactured, and drug distributors often apply LSD to colored paper, making it difficult for a buyer to determine the drug's purity or age.
LSD is swallowed, sniffed, injected,or smoked. For easier handling, it is often diluted with another substance such as sugar, or soaked onto sheets of blotting paper.
street names: acid, blotter, blotter acid, dots, microdots, pane, paper acid, sugar, sugar cubes, trip, window glass, window pane, zen, mellow yellow.

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Phencyclidine is in the category of dissociative hallucinogens. PCP was developed in the 1950s as anintravenous anesthetic, but its use in humans was discontinued in 1965 because patients often became agitated, delusional, and irrational while recovering from its anesthetic effects. PCP is now being illegally manufactured in laboratories. It is a white crystalline powder that is readily soluble in water or alcohol. It has a distinctive bitter chemical taste. PCP can be mixed easily with dyes andturns up on the illicit drug market in a variety of tablets, capsules, and colored powders. It can be snorted, smoked, or ingested. For smoking, PCP is often applied to a leafy material such as mint, parsley, oregano, or marijuana. When snorted or smoked, PCP rapidly passes to the brain to disrupt the functioning of sites known as NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor complexes, which are receptors forthe neurotransmitter glutamate. Glutamate receptors play a major role in the perception of pain, in cognition - including learning and memory - and in emotion. In the brain, PCP also alters the actions of dopamine, a neurotransmitter responsible for the euphoria and "rush" associated with many abused drugs..
Street names: angel, angel dust, boat, dummy dust, love boat, peace, supergrass,...
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