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Abraham Lincoln wasborn in rural Kentucky in 1809, to parents of low social standing and little education. During his childhood and early youth, the family would move several times, first to Indiana and later to Illinois.When the Black Hawk War broke out in 1832, he became the captain of his volunteer company, serving for three months but seeing no active duty.
Lincoln's first bid for elected office came in thatsame year, when he ran unsuccessfully for the Illinois state legislature. Two years later, he ran again and was victorious, becoming a fixture of the Whig party in the General Assembly for the nexteight years.
Lincoln married Mary Todd in 1842. Then, in 1846, Lincoln was elected to U.S. Congress, and moved to Washington to serve out his term, where he spoke out against the Mexican War andunsuccessfully attempted to abolish slavery in the District of Columbia.
In 1849, Lincoln returned to Springfield to resume his career as a lawyer and devote more time to his family. His political lifeseemed to be over. But when the slavery question heated up in the middle 1850s, Lincoln took to the stump again, running unsuccessfully for Senate in 1854 and 1858. Despite these losses, Lincoln gainednational exposure due to his flair for oration.
A combination of luck, manipulation, and talent won Lincoln the Republican nomination for president in 1860, with an avowed opponent of slavery havinggained the nation's top office, several southern states began to consider the prospect of secession.
An initial wave of secession led by South Carolina brought about the establishment of theConfederate States of America, a self-declared independent nation apart from the United States of America. After Lincoln attempted to reinforce Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina, Confederate forces...
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