Daniel Defoe

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English novelist and journalist whose work reflects his varied experience in many countries and in many aspects of life. Besides being a brilliant journalist and novelist, Defoe was a prolific author who wrote over 500 books, pamphlets and booklets. Defoe was born in London around 1660, son of a small merchant named Foe. Daniel prefaced the elegant 'De' in his name by 1700. Presbyterian studiedfor the priesthood, but in 1685 decided to go into business. It made ​​textile merchant, and his work gave him frequent opportunities to travel to the west of Europe. Defoe, enemy of James II, was active in 1685 in the failed uprising led by the Duke of Monmouth against King. His business failed in 1692 but later took control of a brick factory. He obtained a government post in 1695 and that sameyear he wrote Essay on Projects, an excellent analysis on matters of public interest such as education of women.
Noteworthy among his writings subsequent year is the satirical poem The True English (1701), an attack on the belief in racial or national superiority, directed particularly to those who were suspicious of the new king, William III, to be Dutch. The following year he published, withoutsigning it, a pamphlet entitled the most effective means of dissidents, which satirized religious intolerance on pretending to share the prejudices of the Anglican Church against dissidents. In 1703, when it was discovered that Defoe was the author of the libel, was arrested and sentenced to an indeterminate sentence of imprisonment for defamation. Robert Harley, the Speaker of the House ofCommons, won his release in November 1703, probably on the condition that would agree to act as a secret agent and propagandist for the government. The bankruptcy of his business as a result of her stay in prison had serious financial difficulties, so he decided to devote himself to journalism to survive.
Between 1704 and 1713 wrote most of the articles in a newspaper called The News Review, whoseanalyzes and opinions were often independent but generally pro-government policy. Defoe ardently defended the union with Scotland, and his duties as secret agent involved probably other activities in favor of that union, which was reached in 1707. In 1709 he wrote a history of the union. The first and most famous novel by Defoe, extraordinary and wonderful life and adventures of Robinson Crusoe ofYork, mariner, was published in 1719, when its author had almost 60 years. This fictionalized account of a shipwreck was based on the adventures of a sailor, Alexander Selkirk, who had been marooned on an island in the archipelago Juan Fernandez, off the coast of Chile.
This novel, full of witty details of Robinson's ideas to bear the rigors of the island has become a classic of children'sliterature. Defoe continued writing novels: Memoirs of a Knight (1720), Life, and piracy adventures of the famous Captain Singleton (1720) and Fortune and tribulations of the famous Moll Flanders (1722), the adventures of a London prostitute is considered one of the great English novels. In the latter work Defoe showed his knowledge of human nature and his interest for the reasons that lead to certainbehaviors. It also reflected his concern for the poor. Among his other important writings include Journal of the Plague Year (1722), Colonel Jack (1722), Lady Roxana or the court fortunate (1724), A Tour Through the Whole Island of Great Britain (1724-1727) tales of pirates (1724-1728) and perfect English merchant (1725-1727 ).



Novelista y periodista inglés cuya obra refleja su variadaexperiencia en muchos países y en muchos aspectos de la vida. Además de ser un brillante periodista y novelista, Defoe fue un autor prolífico que escribió más de 500 libros, panfletos y opúsculos. Defoe nació en Londres alrededor de 1660, hijo de un pequeño comerciante llamado Foe. Daniel antepuso el elegante 'De' a su nombre hacia 1700. Estudió para sacerdote presbiteriano, pero en 1685...
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