Dengue

Dengue fever also known as breakbone fever, is an infectious tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash thatis similar to measles. In a small proportion of cases the disease develops into the life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever, resulting in bleeding, low levels of blood platelets and blood plasmaleakage, or into dengue shock syndrome, where dangerously low blood pressure occurs.
Dengue is transmitted by several species of mosquito within the genus Aedes, principally A. aegypti. The diagnosisof dengue is typically made clinically, on the basis of reported symptoms and physical examination. As there is no vaccine, prevention is sought by reducing the habitat and the number of mosquitoes andlimiting exposure to bites.
Treatment of acute dengue is supportive, using either oral or intravenous rehydration for mild or moderate disease, and intravenous fluids and blood transfusion for moresevere cases and paracetamol to lower the fever.

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease of humans and other animals caused by eukaryotic protists of the genus Plasmodium. Five species ofPlasmodium can infect and be transmitted by humans and Plasmodium falciparum is the most severe form of malaria. The disease results from the multiplication of Plasmodium parasites within red bloodcells, causing symptoms that typically include fever and headache and also accompanied by shivering, joint pain, vomiting, anemia caused by hemolysis, jaundice, hemoglobinuria, splenomegaly, in severecases progressing to coma or death. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions. Malaria diagnosis has been based on clinical and physical examination, microscopic examination of bloodutilizing blood films and modern techniques utilizing antigen tests or polymerase chain reaction have been discovered. Several drugs, most of which are also used for treatment of malaria, can be taken...