Grammar review student
(sustantivos y pronombres)
NOUNS and PRONOUNS
Subject Pronouns
Singular Plural (two or more)
I We
You You
He They
She
It (neutro oimpersonal, animales, cosas u objetos, equipos: todos en singular, sustantivos abstractos)
(El sujeto pronombre)
A subject pronoun begins a sentence (al inicio de una oración):
He is from Japan.
She is 20 years old.
They are in the library.
It´s really hot today. (como sujeto impersonal en las expresiones del tiempo o latemperatura)
A noun can also be subjects (sustantivo sujeto):
John is from Paraguay.
Ted and Amy are in the class.
Students are not notified.
Computers are electronic machines
Bill Gates founded Microsoft Co.
NOUNS (sustantivos):
Kinds of nouns (tipos):
1. Common:
Names of persons:man, child, teacher
Names of animals: cow, sheep, duck, fish
Names of things: desk, car, house, dress
2. Proper:
France, Madrid, Mrs. Smith, Paraguay, Peter
3. Abstract:
Names of ideas, thoughts, or emotions:
truth, honour, envy, love, surprise, beauty, courage, fear, charity
Names of processes: combustion,radiation, evolution, assimilation
4. Collective:
Crowd, team, group, flock, crew, family
COUNTABLE & UNCONTABLE NOUNS (sustantivos contables e incontables)
En inglés algunos sustantivos no tienen una forma plural, son sustantivos incontables. Es decir, sustantivos con unidades demasiadas pequeñas o muy numerosas para contar.Ejemplos: hair, rice, snow.
Sustantivos que puedes medir, pero no contar.
Ejemplos: oil, sugar, bread
Sustantivos abstractos
Ejemplos: information, feeling, knowledge; “ Love is a wonderful feeling”
Sustantivos que nombran categorías en general, con ítems diferentes en la categoría
Ejemplos: furniture, fruit, jewellery, parking,shopping.
Sustantivos en singular que terminan en “S”
Ejemplos: news, economics, ergonomics, Maths
Sustantivos que nombran sustancias como:
Ejemplos: bread, beer, coffee, dust, tea, water, stone, paper.
Sustantivos que son cuantificables
Ejemplos: A book – a computer – six cups – four rooms – five dishes – a chair – ten boysUNCOUNTABLE nouns (sustantivos incontables, no se pueden cuantificar)
(los que se refieren a sustancias, masas y conceptos abstractos. No tienen forma plural)
“This coffee is very good.” “I want a glass of water.”
EXERCISE: Write the NOUNS above the correct column
COUNT NON-COUNT
Homework - population- crime - oil - exercises – chemicals - minutes - letters
Mail - time - robberies – rings- jewellery - dollars - pollution - population – people – oranges - hours – traffic – snow – crime - computers – hospitals – rain – industry -universities
QUANTIFIERS: (son adverbios para expresar cantidad)
Some - several - a lot of – many - a little -a few – any - none –enough
QUESTION WORDS(partículas interrogativas):
HOW MUCH..? (for uncountable nouns) HOW MANY ...? (for countable nouns)
SINGULAR and PLURAL FORMS of NOUNS (forma plural de los sustantivos)
Existen varias reglas, por ejemplos :
Se agrega ”s” a la mayoría de los sustantivos en singular
Coat = coats -...
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