Informacion

ARTICULO..!!!
Soft tissue injuries in elite athletes
Summary
The present paper characterizes the soft tissue lesions induced by sports activities. A particular analysis was made on osteomioarticular lesions, mainly those more frequently observed in tendons, muscle and ligaments in the field of sport trauma.
Key words: Soft tissue lesions; osteomioarticular lesions; Sports Medicine.
The softtissue injuries is one of the most complex problems encountered in sports medicine and is defined as, the soft tissue injury induced by sporting activities and characterized by a response matrix cells during the inflammation process, separation and degeneration. These lesions can be classified according to type of injury in respiratory, cardiovascular, internal and osteomyoarticular among others,would be endless to refer to each, so only analyzed between osteomyoarticular, the group of injuries to tendons, muscles and ligaments more frequently observed in the field of sports traumatology.
The soft tissues osteomioarticular system represent the largest number of components of the human body, they form the great family of the connective tissues, and are made ​​up of the joint capsule,fascia, meniscus, articular cartilage, synovial membranes, the intervertebral disc, adipose tissue, muscles, tendons and ligaments. Are these 3 elements specifically the objective of this work.
Tissue injuries of reference may be of great diversity and are closely related to stress in different anatomical areas and thus contribute frequently to be the major cause of sports injuries in levels ofcompetition. According to several authors, about 60% of sports injuries are the tissues listed and of those, between 40 and 50% are caused by overuse and sometimes by sudden disuse decreases sharply when the workload.
It is essential to analyze the injury in question, the observation of epidemiology to enable it to better understand and act on the factors influencing its development including thesite of injury, sex, age, type of sport and sport level, so that particularizará in some of these factors.

Factors which affect the appearance of soft tissue injuries
Site of injury and type of sport. It has been shown that in jumping sports, career and rotation, the most affected are the lower limbs, 90% of them in order of frequency are as Garrick to bruises, strains and sprains. Haren saysthat in baseball, 48% of injuries are of the upper limbs in the following order: shoulder, elbow and wrist respectively. In collision sports like football, rugby and basketball, 63.9% of the lesions corresponded to the soft tissues, of which 52.8% in the lower limb with the following frequencies: 20.9% knee , ankle 19%, leg 8.9% and others 4%.
In a study conducted in 3 Olympics was observed that 9%of the lesions corresponded to soft tissue injuries, of whom 61% of strains, sprains and bruises.
Sex. In a study by Chandy in 130 secondary schools specializing in base ball, which brought together 24 458 18 289 male students and female, fractures and strains were present in 42% of males, while females were dislocations and strains in 58%.
Age. It has been shown that between 10 and 18, the softtissue conditions constitute 56.85% of all sports injuries. Similarly, in this age group, bruises accounted for 26.6%, 21.6% strains and sprains to 8.6% of the latter, the knee was affected in 14.4%, leg in 13.7% and 11.5% in the ankle, this was the 76.36% of the 56.85%.
Stress. Physiologically, when a sudden increase or decrease the functional demand may appear a stress response characterizedby low oxygen supply, low tissue nutrition, hormonal changes, chronic inflammation and aging, which is more than the failure that occurs for maintain homeostasis under conditions of stress, which leads to atrophy which occurs if the stimulus ceases cell recovery and if it continues, tissue degeneration occurs with muscle breakdown. On the other hand, can take different paths: one goes to the...