Ingenieria

Practical Ship Hydrodynamics

Practical Ship Hydrodynamics

Volker Bertram

Butterworth-Heinemann
Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP
225 Wildwood Avenue, Woburn, MA 01801-2041
A division of Reed Educational and Professional Publishing Ltd

First published 2000
 Volker Bertram 2000

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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Bertram, Volker
Practical ship hydrodynamics
1. Ships – Hydrodynamics
I. Title
623.80 12
Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data
Bertram, Volker.Practical ship hydrodynamics / Volker Bertram.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0 7506 4851 1
1. Ships – Hydrodynamics
I. Title.
VM156 .B457 2000
623.80 12–dc21
ISBN 0 7506 4851 1
Typeset by Laser Words, Madras, India
Printed in Great Britain by

00-034269

Preface .............................................

ix

1 Introduction..................................

1

1.1 Overview of problems and
approaches ............................................
1.2 Model tests similarity laws ..............
1.3 Full-scale trials .................................
1.4 Numerical approaches
(computational fluid dynamics) ...............

1
4
8
9

1.4.1 Basic equations .............................
1.4.2 Basic CFD techniques ...................1.4.3 Applications ...................................
1.4.4 Cost and value aspects of CFD ....

9
14
15
19

1.5 Viscous flow computations ...............

22

1.5.1 Turbulence models ........................
1.5.2 Boundary conditions ......................
1.5.3 Free-surface treatment..................
1.5.4 Further details ...............................
1.5.5 Multigrid methods..........................
1.5.6 Numerical approximations .............
1.5.7 Grid generation .............................

23
26
28
29
31
32
34

2 Propellers ......................................

37

2.1 Introduction ......................................
2.2 Propeller curves ...............................
2.3 Analysis of propeller flows ................

37
39
42

2.3.1Overview of methods ....................
2.3.2 Momentum theory .........................
2.3.3 Lifting-line methods .......................
2.3.4 Lifting-surface methods .................
2.3.5 Boundary element methods ..........
2.3.6 Field methods ................................

42
44
45
46
49
50

2.4 Cavitation .........................................
2.5 Experimentalapproach ....................

51
54

2.5.1 Cavitation tunnels ..........................
2.5.2 Open-water tests ...........................
2.5.3 Cavitation tests ..............................

54
55
56

2.6 Propeller design procedure ..............
2.7 Propeller-induced pressures ............

56
60

3 Resistance and propulsion .........

62

3.1 Resistance and propulsionconcepts .................................................

62

3.1.1 Interaction between ship and
propeller .................................................
3.1.2 Decomposition of resistance .........

62
65

3.2 Experimental approach ....................

68

3.2.1 Towing tanks and experimental
set-up .....................................................
3.2.2 Resistance test...