Introducciona La Arquitectura Y Ensamblaje

CHAPTER 1

Introduction to the Personal Computer

Objectives
Upon completion of this chapter, you should be able to answer the following questions:
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What are IT industry certifications? What is a computer system? How can I identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of cases and power supplies? What are the names, purposes, and characteristics of internal components?

■What are the names, purposes, and characteristics of ports and cables? How can I identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of input devices? How can I identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of output devices? What are system resources and their purposes?

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Key Terms
This chapter uses the following key terms. You can find the definitions in the Glossary.hardware page xx software page xx Ohm’s Law page xx page xx erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) page xx electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) page xx random-access memory (RAM) dynamic RAM (DRAM) page xx page xx nonparity parity page xx page xx page xx

central processing unit (CPU) cache page xx

Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) Complex Instruction SetComputer (CISC) hyperthreading page xx

page xx

NIC page xx RAID adapter page xx page xx page xx

single-core CPU page xx dual-core CPU page xx

USB port page xx parallel port page xx serial port page xx
continues

read-only memory (ROM)

programmable read-only memory (PROM)

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IT Essentials: PC Harware and Software Companion Guide

continued

Industry Standard Architecture(ISA)

page xx

Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) page xx Microchannel Architecture (MCA) page xx page xx

High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) page xx S-Video page xx

Component/RGB page xx CRT page xx LCD page xx DLP page xx page xx page xx page xx page xx page xx

Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) Advanced Graphics Port (AGP) PCI-Express page xx page xxIntegrated Drive Electronics (IDE)

page xx

pixel

Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics (EIDE) page xx Parallel ATA (PATA) page xx

dot pitch

refresh rate

interlaced/noninterlaced page xx

Serial ATA (SATA) page xx Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) FireWire page xx PS/2 port page xx Video Graphics Array (VGA) Digital Visual Interface (DVI) page xx page xx

Horizontal VerticalColors (HVC) aspect ratio page xx page xx

interrupt request (IRQ)

input/output (I/O) port address Direct Memory Access (DMA)

page xx page xx

Chapter 1: Introduction to the Personal Computer

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Information technology (IT) is the design, development, implementation, support, and management of computer hardware and software applications. An IT professional is knowledgeable aboutcomputer systems and operating systems. This chapter reviews IT certifications and the components of a basic personal computer (PC) system.

Explain IT Industry Certifications
This course focuses on desktop and laptop computers. It also discusses electronic devices, such as personal digital assistants and cell phones. Training and experience will qualify a technician to service these computers andpersonal electronic devices. You will gain the specialized technical skills you need to install, maintain, and repair computers. Earning an industry-standard certification will give you confidence and increase your opportunities in IT. This course focuses on the following two industry-standard certifications:
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The Computing Technology Industry Association (CompTIA) A+ The EuropeanCertification of Informatics Professional (EUCIP) IT Administrator Certification (Modules 1, 2, and 3)

After completing this section, you will meet these objectives:
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Identify education and certifications. Describe the A+ Certification. Describe the EUCIP Certification.

Identify Education and Certifications
Information Technology (IT) is a term that encompasses the relationship between...