lizyta1905

JOHN LOCKE
John Locke FRS (/ˈlɒk/; 29 August 1632 – 28 October 1704), widely known as the Father of Classical Liberalism,[2][3][4] was an English philosopher and physician regarded as one of themost influential of Enlightenment thinkers. Considered one of the first of the British empiricists, following the tradition of Francis Bacon, he is equally important to social contract theory. His workhad a great impact upon the development of epistemology and political philosophy. His writings influenced Voltaire and Rousseau, many Scottish Enlightenment thinkers, as well as the Americanrevolutionaries. His contributions to classical republicanism and liberal theory are reflected in the United States Declaration of Independence.[5] Locke's theory of mind is often cited as the origin of modernconceptions of identity and the self, figuring prominently in the work of later philosophers such as Hume, Rousseau and Kant. Locke was the first to define the self through a continuity ofconsciousness. He postulated that the mind was a blank slate or tabula rasa. Contrary to pre-existing Cartesian philosophy, he maintained that we are born without innate ideas, and that knowledge is insteaddetermined only by experience derived from sense perception.[6]
MONTESQUIU


Barón de Montesquieu
(Charles-Louis de Secondat, barón de Montesquieu) Pensador francés (La Brède, Burdeos, 1689 - París,1755). Perteneciente a una familia de la nobleza de toga, Montesquieu siguió la tradición familiar al estudiar Derecho y hacerse consejero del Parlamento de Burdeos (que presidió de 1716 a 1727).Vendió el cargo y se dedicó durante cuatro años a viajar por Europa observando las instituciones y costumbres de cada país; se sintió especialmente atraído por el modelo político británico, en cuyasvirtudes halló argumentos adicionales para criticar la monarquía absoluta que reinaba en la Francia de su tiempo.
El barón de Montesquieu ya se había hecho célebre con la publicación de sus Cartas...