Mitocondria

Páginas: 4 (768 palabras) Publicado: 18 de agosto de 2011
MITOCONDRIA

Electron Transport Overview Script, Voet.

A typical cell contains approximately 2000 mitochondria, each of which is abbout the size of a bacterium. The mitochondrion’s extensivelyinvaginated inner membrane contains a complex system of enzymes and cofactors that produce ATP, the celular energy currency used by virtually all forms of life. Where does the energy come from and howis it channeled specifically into ATP synthesis? The answers to these questions form one of the most fascinating stories in biochemistry.

Introduction

The source for most of the energy utilizedin ATP synthesis is the oxidation of NADH, which releases 218 kJ of free energy per mole under standard conditions. To maximize the recovery of this free energy in usable form, the oxidation of NADHoccurs over several steps that are mediated by a series of electron carriers in the inner mitocondrial membrane and which serve to ferry electrons from NADH to 02. Some of these redox centers arehighly mobile, and others are components of large integral membrane protein complaxes. The free energy released in this series of redox reactions is stored in an electrochemical gradient of protons acrossthe inner membrane. This gradient is subsequently harnessed by ATP synthase, which is also embedded in the inner membrane.

In this overview, we sill review the roles of the three central complexesand the two mobile carriers in the mitocondrial electron transport chain. You can skip to a prticular topic by using the menú at the top righ. The energy graph labels can be changed with the menú atthe top left. Yoy can pause the presentation at any time with the pause/play button. The presentation will automatically pause after each complex. Click on Play to begin.

Complex I
NADH is thesource of most electrons in the electron transport chain and binds to Complex I on the matrix side of the membrane. Complex I contains flvin mononucleotide or FMN, a redox-active prosthetic group that...
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