Overview of digital television development

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Overview of Digital Television Development Worldwide
YIYAN WU, FELLOW, IEEE, SHUJI HIRAKAWA, FELLOW, IEEE, ULRICH H. REIMERS, SENIOR MEMBER, IEEE, AND JERRY WHITAKER, MEMBER, IEEE Invited Paper

This special issue of the PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE presents a systematical and complete tutorial on digital television (DTV), produced by a team of DTV experts worldwide. This introductory paper putsthe current DTV systems into perspective and explains the historical background and different evolution paths that each system took. The main focus is on terrestrial DTV systems, but satellite and cable DTV are also covered, as well as several other emerging services. Keywords—Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC), digital broadcasting, digital television (DTV), digital video broadcasting(DVB), high definition TV (HDTV), integrated services digital broadcasting (ISDB).

I. INTRODUCTION Television is probably the most cost-effective medium that informs, educates, and entertains the general public around the world. The television receiver is certainly the most popular home electronics device in the world. Based on the most recent data from the International Telecommunications Union(ITU), at the end of 2000, there were about 1.4 billion television sets in the world; many more than the number of fixed telephones (0.787 billion), cellular phones (0.75 billion), or personal computers (0.277 billion). Over the next 10–20 years, it is expected that these 1.4 billion analog TV sets will be replaced by digital sets, creating a multibillion dollar annual business for the broadcastequipment, consumer electronics, computer, and semiconductor industries.
Y. Wu is with the Communications Research Centre Canada, Ottawa, ON K2H 8S2, Canada (e-mail: yiyan.wu@crc.ca). S. Hirakawa is with the Technology Planning Division, Toshiba Corporation, Tokyo 105–8001, Japan (e-mail: shuji.hirakawa@toshiba.co.jp). U. Reimers is with the Institute for Communications Technology, BraunschweigTechnical University, Braunschweig D-38092, Germany (e-mail: u.reimers@tu-bs.de) J. Whitaker is with the Advanced Television Systems Committee, Washington, DC 20006 USA (e-mail: jwhitaker@atsc.org). Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/JPROC.2006.861000

Many countries have already started the transition from analog to digital television (DTV). DTV not only delivers interference and distortion-free audioand video signals; more importantly, it can do so while achieving much higher spectrum efficiency than analog television. DTV can also seamlessly interface with other communication systems, computer networks, and digital media, enabling datacasting and multimedia interactive services; it is a key element of the ongoing digital revolution leading toward the information society. There have been few,if any, tutorials that comprehensively cover all the worldwide DTV systems. This PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE special issue on DTV has been produced by a team of experts in DTV from around the world who, for the first time, have jointly developed a complete and systematic tutorial series of papers. This introductory paper puts the various current DTV systems into perspective and explains the differingpaths each system took in development. The main focus is on the terrestrial DTV systems, but satellite and cable DTV are also covered, as well as emerging services such as Internet Protocol TV (IPTV) and DTV to handheld devices. II. HISTORY OF TELEVISION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT A. Analog TV System Development History Many of the principles of television can be traced back to 19th-century work byEuropean and North American inventors. The word “television” was first introduced in 1900 at the World’s Fair in Paris, France, where the First International Congress of Electricity was held [1]. Television is a hybrid word, coming from both Greek and Latin. “Tele” is Greek for “far,” while “vision” is from the Latin “visio,” meaning “vision” or “sight.” It is often abbreviated as TV. Research on...
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