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Brain
The brain is made up of many areas that work together:
The cortex is the outermost layer of brain cells. Thinking and voluntary movements begin in the cortex. The brain stem is between thespinal cord and the rest of the brain. Basic functions like breathing and sleep are controlled here.
The basal ganglia are a cluster of structures in the center of the brain. The basal gangliacoordinate messages between multiple other brain areas.
The cerebellum is at the base and the back of the brain. The cerebellum is responsible for coordination and balance.
The brain is also divided intoseveral lobes:
The frontal lobes are responsible for problem solving and judgment and motor function. The parietal lobes manage sensation, handwriting, and body position.
The temporal lobes areinvolved with memory and hearing. The occipital lobes contain the brain's visual processing system.

The brain is surrounded by a layer of tissue called the meninges. The skull (cranium) helps protectthe brain from injury.
SPINAL CORD
The Spinal Cord is connected to the brain and is about the diameter of a human finger. From the brain the spinal cord descends down the middle of the back and issurrounded and protected by the bony vertebral column. The spinal cord is surrounded by a clear fluid called Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF), that acts as a cushion to protect the delicate nerve tissuesagainst damage from banging against the inside of the vertebrae.
The anatomy of the spinal cord itself, consists of millions of nerve fibres which transmit electrical information to and from the limbs,trunk and organs of the body, back to and from the brain. The nerves which exit the spinal cord in the upper section, the neck, control breathing and the arms. The nerves which exit the spinal cord inthe mid and lower section of the back, control the trunk and legs, as well as bladder, bowel and sexual function.
The nerves which carry information from the brain to muscles are called Motor...