Schema and scaffolding

Páginas: 4 (757 palabras) Publicado: 24 de junio de 2011
SCAFFOLDING
Applebee, A. N. and Langer, J. A. used the concept of instructional scaffolding in order to describe essential aspects of formal instruction as a learning process and proceduresfrom the social and cultural context.
Furthermore, Applebee expounded five criteria. Firstly, the ownership of the learning event means that students could make a contribution to theinstructional tasks.Secondly, it refers to the appropriateness of the instructional tasks. so, those tasks should build upon the previous knowledge and theskills of the students. In addition, a structured learning environment provides a natural sequence of thought and language. Also, it shares responsibility with students. That's why, the role of theteacher is more collaborative than evaluative. Finally, Applebee talks about transfer of control which means that students should be responsable for controlling the progress of the tasks. What is more,this author assures that these principles provide a new way to think about familiar teaching routines because they are useful for language learning.
According to Bruner the concept ofscaffolding was based on language learning because the appropriate social interactional frameworks must be provided by a caregiver to allow the child to learn by using familiar and routinized contexts. ForBruner, scaffolding referred to the child’s linguistic performance because within this format is that children have learned how to use language.
Cazden made a distinguish between vertical andsequential scaffolding, the first one involves the moment in which the adult extends the child’s language by asking further questions because it allows the elaboration of the language; the second one,...
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