The origin of the english

Páginas: 17 (4224 palabras) Publicado: 12 de diciembre de 2010
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The Origin and History of the English language

Indo-European and Germanic Influences English belongs to the Indo-European language family. This family is so extensive, including most of the languages spoken in Europe today and includes several major branches:
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Latin and modern Romance languages; Germanic languages Slavic languages Indo-Iranian languages, includingSanskrit, Hindi, Urdu, Bengali, Farsi, Kurdish Baltic languages: Lithuanian and Latvian (but not Estonian); Celtic languages Greek Armenian Albanian (Illyrian)

There are still vestiges of the original Indo-European language at present, known as proto-Indo-European, although his writing never took shape. For example, the word father is vater in German, pater in Latin and Sanskrit pitr. All thesewords are cognates, ie are similar words in different languages that share the same root. Of these branches of the Indo-European language family, two are of primary importance for our study on the development of English, the Germanic branch and the branch romance (thus called because the Romance languages from Latin, the language Ancient Rome, and not because of any literary subgenre of romance).English is included in the group of Germanic languages. This group had its origin as a common language in the Elbe river region about 3,000 years ago. Around the second century BC, this Common Germanic split into three subgroups:


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The Germanic language of this: people who immigrated to South-Eastern Europe spoke this language. All East Germanic languages were killed, the Gothic was theonly East Germanic language written survived. The North Germanic language evolved into modern Scandinavian languages like Swedish, Danish, Norwegian, Icelandic and Faroese. The West Germanic language is the ancestor of languages like German, Dutch, Flemish, Afrikaans, Frisian and English.

Old English (500-1100 AD) The invading Germanic peoples from western Jutland in southern Denmark: theAngles, whose name is the origin of the word "England" (England); receive this

designation through their territory of origin, Engle, and her tongue was called Englisc , a word from which "Inglés" (English), Saxons and Jutes began to invade the island of Britain in centuries AD V and VI. Spoke a language they all understand and contains similarities to modern-Frisian language in the northeasternregion of the Netherlands, if you extracted all the Latin words, Greek, French and English. The language spoken by the Germanic invaders of the west now known as Old English, which linguists recognize four main dialects:
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Northúmbrico in Northumbria, in the territory north of the River Humber. Mercians in the kingdom of Mercia (in the current Midlands). In West Saxon kingdom of Wessex (inthe south and west of England). Kentico in Kent in southeast England.

The West Saxon in the south and west, the Kentico in the southeast. The northúmbrico in northern England and the Midlands Mercian. Contrary to what many think, the first inhabitants of Britain were not English but Celtic. Incredibly barbaric invaders finally killed off much of the early Celts out of what is known today asEngland and many of the Celts fled to Scotland, Wales, Cornwall, Ireland and Britain. These Celtic languages survive today as Gaelic language in Scotland and Ireland (also known as Celtic-Q) and such as Welsh and Breton (also known as Celtic-P). Unfortunately, the Cornish, a language closely Welsh and Breton, died in 1777 when the last native speaker of this language, Dolly Pentreath, died in thevillage of Mousehole in Cornwall. The Vikings also had a great influence on the development of English in those days. The Scandinavian invasions that began around 850, brought many North Germanic words that were introduced in the language, especially in the north of England. Some Scandinavian words are: sky, egg, cake, skin, leg, window (literally "wind eye"), husband, fellow, skill, anger, flat,...
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