Titanium Alloy

TITANIUM ALLOY GUIDE

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An RTI International Metals, Inc. Company

CONTENTS
Page Introduction - Facts About Titanium and the Periodic Table .............................................................. 1 Why Select Titanium Alloys? ...................................................... 2-5 Guide to Commercial Titanium Alloys and Their Mill Product Forms...................................................... 6-7 Basic Titanium Metallurgy .......................................................... 8-9 Machining Titanium ................................................................ 10-11 Forming Titanium .................................................................... 12-14 Welding Titanium .................................................................... 14-15Properties of Commercially Pure Titanium and Titanium Alloys ................................... 16-36 Guaranteed Minimum Properties RMI 6Al-4V Alloy Products................................................... 37 Properties After Heat Treatment of Various RMI Titanium Alloys ....................................... 38-42 RMI Service and ISO Approvals .................................................. 43References .................................................................................... 44 RMI Capabilities .......................................................................... 45

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PROPERTIES OF PURE ELEMENTAL TITANIUM AT ROOM TEMPERATURE
ATOMICNUMBER ATOMIC WEIGHT

BOILING POINT ˚C MELTING POINT ˚C

22
3289 1670 4.51 (Ar)3d24s2 Titanium

47.9 4,3

OXIDATION STATES

Ti

SYMBOL

DENSITY

ELECTRON CONFIGURATION

hcp Crystal Structure Lattice Parameters Atomic Volume Covalent Radius Color Hardness Coefficient of Thermal Expansion Electrical Resistivity Thermal Conductivity Heat of Fusion

c=0.468 nm a=0.295 nm 10.64 cm3/mol1.32Å Dark Grey 70 to 74 BHN 8.4 x 10-6/˚C 42 µohm-cm 20 W/m•˚K 292 kJ/kg

Cover and Back Photo Descriptions 1.– Heat Exchangers 2.– Offshore Drilling Platform 3.– F-22 Fighter 4.– Recreational Applications 5.– Commercial Aerospace 6.– Medical Implants 7.– Automotive Applications 8.– Naval Vessels

Heat of Vaporization 9.83 MJ/kg Specific Heat 518 J/kg ˚K Magnetic Susceptibility 3.17 x 10-6cm3/g Magnetic Permeability 1.00005 Modulus of Elasticity 100 GPa Poisson's Ratio 0.32 Solidus/Liquidus Temp. 1725˚C Beta Transus Temp. 882˚C Thermal Neutron Absorption Cross Section 5.6 Barnes Electronegativity 1.5 Pauling's

Cover

Back

1.

5. 2. 6. 7. 4. 8.

3.

TITANIUM ALLOY GUIDE

1

INTRODUCTION

Titanium has been recognized as an

element (Symbol Ti; atomic number 22;and atomic weight 47.9) for at least 200 years. However, commercial production of titanium did not begin until the 1950’s. At that time, titanium was recognized for its strategic importance as a unique lightweight, high strength alloyed, structurally efficient metal for critical, high-performance aircraft, such as jet engine and airframe components. The worldwide production of this originallyexotic, “Space Age” metal and its alloys has since grown to more than 50 million pounds annually. Increased metal sponge and mill product production capacity and efficiency, improved manufacturing technologies, a vastly expanded market base and demand have dramatically lowered the price of titanium products. Today, titanium alloys are common, readily available engineered metals that compete directlywith stainless and specialty steels, copper alloys, nickelbased alloys and composites. As the ninth most abundant element in the Earth’s Crust and fourth most abundant structural metal, the current worldwide supply of feedstock ore for producing titanium metal is virtually unlimited. Significant unused worldwide sponge, melting and processing capacity for titanium can accommodate continued growth...