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Of, relating to, being, or imposing a form of government in which the political authority exercises absolute and centralized control over all aspects of life, the individual is subordinated to thestate, and opposing political and cultural expression is suppressed
Form of government that subordinates all aspects of its citizens' lives to the authority of the state, with a single charismaticleader as the ultimate authority. The term was coined in the early 1920s by Benito Mussolini, but totalitarianism has existed throughout history throughout the world (e.g., Qin dynasty China). It isdistinguished fromdictatorship and authoritarianism by its supplanting of all political institutions and all old legal and social traditions with new ones to meet the state's needs, which are usuallyhighly focused. Large-scale, organized violence may be legitimized. The police operate without the constraint of laws and regulations. Where pursuit of the state's goal is the only ideological foundationfor such a government, achievement of the goal can never be acknowledged. Hannah Arendt's Origins of Totalitarianism (1951) is the standard work on the subject.
Totalitarianism (or totalitarian rule)is a political system where the state holds total authority over the society and seeks to control all aspects of public and private life wherever necessary.[1]
The concept of totalitarianism wasfirst developed in a positive sense in the 1920s by the Italian fascists. The concept became prominent in Western anti-communist political discourse during the Cold War era in order to highlight perceivedsimilarities between Nazi Germanyand other fascist regimes on the one hand, and Soviet communism on the other.[2][3][4][5][6]
Aside from fascist and Stalinist movements, there have been othermovements that are totalitarian. The leader of the historic Spanishreactionary conservative movement called the Spanish Confederation of the Autonomous Right declared his intention to "give Spain a true...