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Volume 6, Issue 2, January – February 2011; Article-024

ISSN 0976 – 044X

Research Article WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF SPIRULINA EXTRACTS
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Panigrahi B.B , Panda P.K , Patro V.J Department of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mohuda, Berhampur, Odisha, India. 2 Division of Pharmacology, Utkal University, Vanivihar, Bhubaneswar – 751004, Odisha,India.

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Accepted on: 11-12-2010; Finalized on: 15-02-2011. ABSTRACT Spirulina is a cyanobacterium, a, blue green algae belong to cyanophyceal, a, procaryatic form. The wound healing activity of different extracts of spirulina was carried out using excision wound models. Petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol extracts showed significant wound healing. Here the standard drug is 0.2%w/w nfz. Ointment. Keywords: Inflammatory process, wound strength, substrate phase, proliferative phase, remodeling phase. Wound contraction.

INTRODUCTION Spirulina is a cyanobacterium, a, blue green algae belong to cyanophyceal, a, procaryatic form. The photosynthetic pigment phycocyanin and phycoerythrin makes it to be included in cyanophycean algal group, but the nature of it’s nucleus(procaryatic) engrouped it in as a prokaryotic organism a cyanobacterium. In other wards spirulina is a photosynthetic prokaryotic microorganism. It is a simple, microscopic blue green algal. It grows naturally in fresh, brackish, sewage water and even in saline environment. It grows through photosynthesis, hence, can be termed as vegetative food. It has been already affectively promoted as a naturalfood. MATERIALS AND METHODS The shade dried spirulina was powdered & was extracted in a soxhlet’s apparatus. The powdered drugs (500 gm) were charged into soxhlet apparatus each time for each solvent. The soxhlet apparatus was kept on a heating mantle, to provide constant temperature to the process. The extraction was carried out successfully with petroleum ether, chloroform & methanol. Aftercompletion of extraction the concerned solvents were removed under reduced pressure and the % of yield was 41, 26 & 55 respectively for pet ether extract, chloroform extract and methanol extract respectively. Each of the extract was subjected to chemical tests and 1-4 pharmacological screening for wound healing activity. Acute Toxicity study/ Max. Tolerated Dose Acute, Toxicity study was carried outas per the stair case method5 as per the OECD guideline 425. With reference IAEC CPS, Mohuda bearing the Regd. No. 1170/ac/2008/CPCSEA Wound Healing Wound is a loss or breaking of cellular and anatomic or functional continuity of living tissue6. Injury of the skin induces repair mechanism that restores its functions in protecting individual against environmental factors that

might be harmful.Wound healing is the process of repair7 that follows injury to the skin and other soft tissues. It is a complex phenomenon involving a number of processes including induction of an acute inflammatory process, regeneration of parenchymal inflammatory process8, migration and proliferation of both parenchymal and connective tissue cells, synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, remodeling ofconnective tissue and parenchymal components and acquisition of wound strength9. All these steps are orchestrated in a controlled manner by a variety of cytokines including growth factor10. The different phases constitute the physiologic process of wound healing i) Substrate phase11 ii) Proliferative phase11 iii) Remodeling phase11 Some of these growth factors like platelet derived growth factor(PDGF), transforming growth factor B (TFG-B), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) etc. have been identified in healing of wounds. In chronic wounds normal healing process is disrupted and in such cases some growth promoting agents exogenously applied or some compounds which can enhance the in situ generation of these growth factors required to augment the healing...