Albert einstein

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"Einstein" redirects here. For other uses, see Einstein (disambiguation).
Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein, 1921
Born 14 March 1879(1879-03-14)
Ulm, Kingdom of Württemberg, German EmpireDied 18 April 1955 (aged 76)
Princeton, New Jersey, USA
Residence Germany, Italy, Switzerland, USA
Ethnicity Jewish
Citizenship Württemberg/Germany (until 1896)
Stateless (1896–1901)Switzerland (from 1901)
Austria (1911–12)
Germany (1914–33)
United States (from 1940)[1]
Alma mater ETH Zurich
University of Zurich
Known for General relativity
Special relativityPhotoelectric effect
Brownian motion
Mass-energy equivalence
Einstein field equations
Unified Field Theory
Bose–Einstein statistics
Spouse(s) Mileva Marić (1903–1919)
Elsa Löwenthal, néeEinstein, (1919–1936)
Awards Nobel Prize in Physics (1921)
Copley Medal (1925)
Max Planck Medal (1929)
Time Person of the Century
Signature


Albert Einstein (pronounced /ˈælbərtˈaɪnstaɪn/; German: [ˈalbɐt ˈaɪnʃtaɪn] ( listen); 14 March 1879–18 April 1955) was a theoretical physicist, philosopher and author who is widely regarded as one of the most influential and best knownscientists and intellectuals of all time. He is often regarded as the father of modern physics.[2] He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to Theoretical Physics, andespecially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect."[3]

His many contributions to physics include the special and general theories of relativity, the founding of relativisticcosmology, the first post-Newtonian expansion, explaining the perihelion advance of Mercury, prediction of the deflection of light by gravity and gravitational lensing, the first fluctuationdissipation theorem which explained the Brownian movement of molecules, the photon theory and wave-particle duality, the quantum theory of atomic motion in solids, the zero-point energy concept
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