Antiguo régimen (inglés)

UNIT 1. THE ANCIENT REGIME
Ancient Regime (Old Rule): group of social, economical and political relationships in the European kingdoms during XVIIIth century. It's the triumph of Absolutism, butalso the birth of new ideas that end in the Contemporary Age. - society: estate society - economy: physiocracy, guilds, property of lands - politics: Absolutism, Enlightened Despotism - ideas:Enlightenment, Liberalism

UNIT 1. THE ANCIENT REGIME SOCIETY
privileged King High and low Nobility High and low clergy

Common People or Third Estate: bourgeois and peasants (land owners, farmers,merchants, craftsmen...)

Non privileged

UNIT 1. THE ANCIENT REGIME THE PROPERTY OF THE LAND
The property of land is divided: - Privileged own most part of them. - Lordships (from Medieval manors): anoble (lay or clergy) is the owner. Peasants work in these lands for a rent. It's the Lordship Rule - Part of clergy's lands are under the direct protection of the king, so they are impossible to besold - Bourgeois owns a small part - City council owns the rest

UNIT 1. THE ANCIENT REGIME THE ECONOMY
Agriculture: phsiocracy: theory enunciated by Quesnay, based on primary sector (agriculture)with a subsistence production. There are non productive lands in the hands of nobility and clergy, so the State must take them away from his owners and make it productive: disentitlement(desamortización). It means that privileged groups lose their privileges and their economical power. Hard opposition and failed reforms Industry: motivated by the monarchy. Creation of Royal Factories. Closedguilds control production Trade: - foreign trade: big development because of the exchanges with America. Monarchy gives the trade in a region to a particular company as a monopoly. - interior trade:troubled by customs and taxes, guilds and different measures and weights

UNIT 1. THE ANCIENT REGIME POLITICS. Continental Europe
Absolutism: the whole power is concentrated in the king. It allows...