Appi 1102
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Publicado: 23 de mayo de 2012
Steel Pipelines Crossing Railroads and Highways
API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 1 102 SIXTH EDITION, APRIL 1993
American Petroleum Institute 1220 L Street. Northwest Washington, D.C. 20005
1’ 1
COPYRIGHT American Petroleum Institute Licensed by Information Handling Services
Steel Pipelines Crossing Railroads and Highways
Manufacturing, Distribution and Marketing Department
APIRECOMMENDED PRACTICE 1102 SIXTH EDITION, APRIL 1993
American Petroleum Institute
COPYRIGHT American Petroleum Institute Licensed by Information Handling Services
API RP*LL02 93 9 0732290 0509030 4 L b
SPECIAL NOTES
1. API PUBLICATIONS NECESSARILY ADDRESS PROBLEMS OF A GENERAL NATURE. WITH RESPECT TOPARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES, LOCAL,STATE, AND FEDERAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS SHOULD BEREVIEWED. 2. API IS NOT UNDERTAKINGTO MEET THE DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS, MANUFACTURERS, OR SUPPLIERS TO WARN AND PROPERLY TRAIN AND EQUIP THEIR EMPLOYEES, AND OTHERS EXPOSED, CONCERNING HEALTH AND SAFETY RISKS AND PRECAUTIONS, NOR UNDERTAKING THEIR OBLIGATIONS UNDER LOCAL,STATE, OR FEDERAL LAWS.
3. INFORMATION CONCERNING SAFETY AND HEALTH RISKS AND PROPER PRECAUTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PARTICULAR MATERIALS ANDCONDITIONS SHOULD BE OBTAINED FROMTHE EMPLOYER, THE MANUFACTURER OR SUPPLIER OF THAT MATERIAL, OR THE MATERIAL SAFETYDATA SHEET.
4. NOTHING CONTAINEDIN ANY API PUBLICATION IS BE CONSTRUED AS TO
GRANTING ANY RIGHT, BY IMPLICATION OR OTHERWISE, FORTHE MANUFACTURE, SALE, OR USE OF ANY METHOD, APPARATUS, OR PRODUCT COVERED BY LETTERS PATENT. NEITHER SHOULD ANYTHING CONTAINED IN THE PUBLICATION BECONSTRUED AS INSURING ANYONE AGAINST LIABILITY FOR INFRINGEMENT LETTERS PATENT. OF
5 . GENERALLY,API STANDARDS ARE REVIEWED AND REVISED, REAFFIRMED, OR WITHDRAWN LEAST EVERY FIVE’YEARS. SOMETIMES ONEAT A TIME EXTENSION OF UP TO TWO YEARS WILL BE ADDED TO THIS REVIEW AFCYCLE. THIS PUBLICATION WILL NO LONGER IN EFFECT FIVE YEARS BE TER ITS PUBLICATION DATE ASAN OPERATIVE APISTANDARD OR, WHERE ANEXTENSION HAS BEEN GRANTED, UPON REPUBLICATION. STATUSTHE OF PUBLICATION CAN BE ASCERTAINED FROMTHE API AUTHORING DEPARTMENT [TELEPHONE (202) 682-8000]. A CATALOG OF API PUBLICATIONS AND MATERIALS IS PUBLISHED ANNUALLY AND UPDATED QUARTERLY BY API, 1220 L STREET,N.W., WASHINGTON, D.C. 20005.
Copyright O 1993 American Petroleum Institute
COPYRIGHT American Petroleum Institute Licensed byInformation Handling Services
A P I RP+3302 93
0732290 0509033 352
FOREWORD
The need for an industry-recommended practice to address installation of pipeline crossings under railroads was first recognized publication of American Petroleum Institute by the (API) Code 26 in 1934.This code represented an understanding between pipeline and the railroad industries regarding the installation ofthe relatively small-diameter lines then prevalent. The rapid growthof pipeline systems after 1946 usinglarge-diameter pipe led to the reevaluation and revision of API Code 26 to include pipeline design criteria. A series of changes was made between 1949 and 1952, culminating in the establishment in 1952 of Recommended Practice 1102. The scope of Recommended Practice 1102 (1952) included crossingsof highways in anticipation of the cost savings that would accrue to the use of thin-wall casings in conjunction with the pending construction of the Defense Interstate Highway System. Recommended Practice 1102 (1968) incorporated the knowledge gained from known data on uncased carrier pipes and casing design and fromthe performance of uncased carrier pipes under dead and loads, as well as underinternal pressures. Extensive computer live analysis was performed using Spangler's Iowa Formula [ 11 to determine the stress in uncased carrier pipes and the wall thickness of casing pipes in instances where cased pipes are required inan installation. The performance of carrier pipes in uncased crossings and casings installed since 1934, and operated in accordance with APICode 26 and Recommended...
API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 1 102 SIXTH EDITION, APRIL 1993
American Petroleum Institute 1220 L Street. Northwest Washington, D.C. 20005
1’ 1
COPYRIGHT American Petroleum Institute Licensed by Information Handling Services
Steel Pipelines Crossing Railroads and Highways
Manufacturing, Distribution and Marketing Department
APIRECOMMENDED PRACTICE 1102 SIXTH EDITION, APRIL 1993
American Petroleum Institute
COPYRIGHT American Petroleum Institute Licensed by Information Handling Services
API RP*LL02 93 9 0732290 0509030 4 L b
SPECIAL NOTES
1. API PUBLICATIONS NECESSARILY ADDRESS PROBLEMS OF A GENERAL NATURE. WITH RESPECT TOPARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES, LOCAL,STATE, AND FEDERAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS SHOULD BEREVIEWED. 2. API IS NOT UNDERTAKINGTO MEET THE DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS, MANUFACTURERS, OR SUPPLIERS TO WARN AND PROPERLY TRAIN AND EQUIP THEIR EMPLOYEES, AND OTHERS EXPOSED, CONCERNING HEALTH AND SAFETY RISKS AND PRECAUTIONS, NOR UNDERTAKING THEIR OBLIGATIONS UNDER LOCAL,STATE, OR FEDERAL LAWS.
3. INFORMATION CONCERNING SAFETY AND HEALTH RISKS AND PROPER PRECAUTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PARTICULAR MATERIALS ANDCONDITIONS SHOULD BE OBTAINED FROMTHE EMPLOYER, THE MANUFACTURER OR SUPPLIER OF THAT MATERIAL, OR THE MATERIAL SAFETYDATA SHEET.
4. NOTHING CONTAINEDIN ANY API PUBLICATION IS BE CONSTRUED AS TO
GRANTING ANY RIGHT, BY IMPLICATION OR OTHERWISE, FORTHE MANUFACTURE, SALE, OR USE OF ANY METHOD, APPARATUS, OR PRODUCT COVERED BY LETTERS PATENT. NEITHER SHOULD ANYTHING CONTAINED IN THE PUBLICATION BECONSTRUED AS INSURING ANYONE AGAINST LIABILITY FOR INFRINGEMENT LETTERS PATENT. OF
5 . GENERALLY,API STANDARDS ARE REVIEWED AND REVISED, REAFFIRMED, OR WITHDRAWN LEAST EVERY FIVE’YEARS. SOMETIMES ONEAT A TIME EXTENSION OF UP TO TWO YEARS WILL BE ADDED TO THIS REVIEW AFCYCLE. THIS PUBLICATION WILL NO LONGER IN EFFECT FIVE YEARS BE TER ITS PUBLICATION DATE ASAN OPERATIVE APISTANDARD OR, WHERE ANEXTENSION HAS BEEN GRANTED, UPON REPUBLICATION. STATUSTHE OF PUBLICATION CAN BE ASCERTAINED FROMTHE API AUTHORING DEPARTMENT [TELEPHONE (202) 682-8000]. A CATALOG OF API PUBLICATIONS AND MATERIALS IS PUBLISHED ANNUALLY AND UPDATED QUARTERLY BY API, 1220 L STREET,N.W., WASHINGTON, D.C. 20005.
Copyright O 1993 American Petroleum Institute
COPYRIGHT American Petroleum Institute Licensed byInformation Handling Services
A P I RP+3302 93
0732290 0509033 352
FOREWORD
The need for an industry-recommended practice to address installation of pipeline crossings under railroads was first recognized publication of American Petroleum Institute by the (API) Code 26 in 1934.This code represented an understanding between pipeline and the railroad industries regarding the installation ofthe relatively small-diameter lines then prevalent. The rapid growthof pipeline systems after 1946 usinglarge-diameter pipe led to the reevaluation and revision of API Code 26 to include pipeline design criteria. A series of changes was made between 1949 and 1952, culminating in the establishment in 1952 of Recommended Practice 1102. The scope of Recommended Practice 1102 (1952) included crossingsof highways in anticipation of the cost savings that would accrue to the use of thin-wall casings in conjunction with the pending construction of the Defense Interstate Highway System. Recommended Practice 1102 (1968) incorporated the knowledge gained from known data on uncased carrier pipes and casing design and fromthe performance of uncased carrier pipes under dead and loads, as well as underinternal pressures. Extensive computer live analysis was performed using Spangler's Iowa Formula [ 11 to determine the stress in uncased carrier pipes and the wall thickness of casing pipes in instances where cased pipes are required inan installation. The performance of carrier pipes in uncased crossings and casings installed since 1934, and operated in accordance with APICode 26 and Recommended...
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