Architecture

Introduction

Modern architecture renovation took place on the continental cross roads where the impact of ideas and the exchange of these eagerness to shock with the revolutionary and disruptive architecture with the traditional one. In Hilde Heyens book, Architecture and Modernity, she establishes modernity as,
Modernity…constitutes the element that mediates between a
process ofsocioeconomic development known as modernization
and subjective responses to it in the form of modernist discourse
and movements. In other words, modernity is a phenomenon with
at least two different aspects: an objective aspect that is linked to
socioeconomic processes, and a subjective one that is connected
with personal experiences, artistic activities, or theoretical
reflections.

Themodern architecture during the first quarters of the century became in a way of metropolitan character. The modernists established two main basic ideologies: the way for a new materialistic interpretation and methods of construction, and the plastic expression.
The creation of working-class houses was part of the central idea of many of the modernist in a way of mass production and a way of solutionof the enormous migration of masses to the cities during the industrialization.

History of movement and biographies of main architects

The modernist style of Brazil came as in many countries by the exchange of ideas through the European visitors and immigrants and the Brazilians that returned to their country after studying in Europe. One of the key elements of the Brazilian success in thearchitecture of modernism was the prosperity that the government had, and the desire of the new generation of young architects. The movement attempted to revive the national life and pride and involve itself in the modern times by creating their own Brazilian methods in expression in arts and architecture. The modernist rejected the traditional dependence on the traditions of Portugal in attemptto reflect their own works not on the colonial style but in a way of their own modern style.
In 1930 the moment when Brazil experienced an economic might had the concerted part of the government under the rule of Gétulio Vargas, chose as one of the priorities the construction of imposing buildings for the government and public administrations. The needs of a new architectural form were essentialto the success of it, the need and loathe of the elite and enterprise desire to adopt new styles. The Ministry of Education and Health became one of the most important state buildings; the triumph of the architects over the neocolonial and academic styles changed the face of Rio de Janiero.

Figure1. Candio Portinari, mural at the Ministry of Education and Health, 1937-42

Figure 2. LinaBardi, un built Project for the Sao Vicente Museum, 1951.

During the 1930s and 1940s Europe suffered a lot of lacking opportunities because of the economic crisis of World War II. Architects like Le Corbusier, Piacentinit , the Donat Agache seek work in Brazilian State to establish alliances and contacts. Brazil had strongly influence by the French canons of Architecture. The modernarchitecture in Brazil had a new code with a French accent like the Ministry of Education and Health in Rio with the account role of Le Corbusier’s consulting work.

Figure 3: Le Corbusier, drawing for the City of Rio de Janeiro, 1929

In the late 1930s and the early 1940s the Brazilian architecture had a mayor influence with the architecture of the U.S creating mayor autonomy in relation to themodels it had on the initial European influences. The Museum of Modern Art in New York ( MOMA) made a sweeping panorama of the Brazilian Architecture in an traveling exhibition in 1943.
The Brazil Buildings exhibition captured the revolutionary forms and traditional ones; it was a success in representing the competing architectural styles in Brazil it reached to 48 cities in North America, and...