Articulo 7

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal  | Back to Health Journal  page | Health Journal back issues | Home
 
Efficacy of rubber dam isolation as an infection control procedure in paediatric dentistry
|Volume 3, Issue 3, 1997, Page 530-539 |

Azza Mahmoud Tag El-Din and Nagwa Abd El-Hady Ghoname
ABSTRACTThe efficacy of rubber dam, antiseptic mouth rinse and both procedures together in controlling atmospheric bacterial contamination during conservative procedures in the paedodontic clinic at Tanta University was assessed. Distribution of bacterial contamination varied depending on the position of the tooth in the mouth. The highest airborne bacterial contamination was found on the plates positionedon the patient's chest. There was 98.8% bacterial reduction at 1 metre when rubber dam was used. This reduction increased when antiseptic mouth rinse was used before rubber dam application. Bacterial contamination fell sharply with increased distance from the head-rest.
Efficacité de l'isolation par digue caoutchoutée en tant que procédure de lutte contre l'infection en dentisterie infantileResume Il s'agit d'une évaluation de l'efficacité des digues caoutchoutées, des bains de bouche antiseptiques et des deux procédures appliquées parallèlement dans la lutte contre la contamination bactérienne atmosphérique au cours des procédures de traitement conservateur à la clinique de pédodontie de l'Université de Tanta. La distribution de la contamination bactérienne variait selon la position dela dent dans la bouche. La contamination bactérienne aérogène la plus forte a été trouvée sur les plaques positionnées sur le thorax des patients. Il y a eu une diminution de 98,8% des bactéries à un mètre lorsque la digue caoutchoutée était utilisée. Cette diminution était plus importante lorsque des bains de bouche antiseptiques étaient utilisés avant l'application des digues caoutchoutées. Lacontamination bactérienne diminuait fortement à plus grande distance de l'appui-tête.
Introduction
The increase in scientific data and awareness of the problems concerning indoor pollution has led to a series of studies aimed at identifying and measuring the factors that can alter the quality of air in an enclosed environment. The dental office deals with specialized pollution produced by bloodspilling procedures on a vast population likely to be affected by numerous diseases. In addition, dental procedures are performed with aerosol-creating instruments inside the oral cavity, which is highly contaminated with a wide and still partially unknown range of bacterial flora [1-3].
Previous studies have shown that microorganisms in the mouth and respiratory tract can be transported in theaerosols and spatter generated during dental procedures and can contaminate the skin and mucous membrane of the mouth, respiratory passages and eyes of dental personnel. In addition, they can spread contamination onto the inert surfaces found throughout the dental clinic [4-7].
Fine aerosols generated by high-speed dental equipment consist of moisture droplets and debris, usually 5 mm or less indiameter, that can remain suspended in the air. Without adequate protection, aerosols may reach the depth of the lungs [8,9]. Spatter droplets are much larger than aerosol particles (³50 mm in diameter) and can act as projectiles. Both aerosol particles and spatter droplets can contain infectious agents as the diameter of a bacterial cell is about 1.0 mm and that of a virus much smaller [10].According to the American Dental Association Research Institute, there are about 40 infectious hazards for the patient and dental personnel in the dental surgery [11]. The most important are influenza, tuberculosis, oral lesions, conjunctivitis due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae, syphilitic lesions, hepatitis A-E, parotitis, meningitis due to the mumps virus, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)...