Astmd 4176-04

Páginas: 12 (2899 palabras) Publicado: 2 de junio de 2012
Designation: D 4176 – 04 (Reapproved 2009)

Standard Test Method for

Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4176; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthesesindicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

1. Scope 1.1 This test method covers two procedures for estimating the presence of suspended free water and solid particulate contamination in distillate fuels having distillation endpoints below 400°C and an ASTM color of 5 or less. 1.1.1 Both procedures can be used as field tests at storage temperatures, or as laboratory tests at controlled temperatures. 1.1.2 Procedure 1 provides a rapid pass/fail method for contamination. Procedure 2 provides a gross numerical rating of haze appearance. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units ofmeasurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards:2 D 1500 Test Method for ASTMColor of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale) D 1744 Standard Test Method for Determination of Water in Liquid Petroleum Products by Karl Fischer Reagent3 D 2276 Test Method for Particulate Contaminant in Aviation Fuel by Line Sampling D 2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle Distillate Fuels by Centrifuge D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products

D 4860Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Middle Distillate Fuels (Clear and Bright Numerical Rating) 2.2 ASTM Adjuncts: Distillate Fuel Bar Chart4 Distillate Fuel Haze Rating Standard5 3. Terminology 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 3.1.1 clear-and-bright (also termed clean-and-bright)—a condition in which the fuel is free of haze or cloudiness. 3.1.2 freewater—water in excess of that soluble in the fuel at the temperature of the test, and appearing in the fuel as a haze or cloudiness, or as droplets. 3.1.3 particulates—small solid or semisolid particles, sometimes referred to as silt or sediment, that may or may not be suspended in the fuel as a result of contamination by air-blown dusts, corrosion by-products, fuel instability, or protectivecoatingdeterioration. 4. Summary of Test Method 4.1 In Procedure 1 approximately 900 mL of fuel is placed into a clear, glass, 1-L jar and is examined visually for clarity. The sample is then swirled and examined for visual sediment or water drops below the vortex. 4.2 In Procedure 2 approximately 900 mL of fuel is placed into a clear, glass, 1-L jar and is examined visually for clarity. Fuel clarity israted by placing a standard bar chart behind the sample and comparing its visual appearance with the standard haze rating photos. The sample is then swirled and examined for visual sediment or water drops below the vortex. 4.3 When field testing, both Procedures 1 and 2 are performed immediately after sampling and at storage temperature conditions. 4.4 When lab testing, both Procedures 1 and 2 areperformed after the sample has equilibrated at the test temperature of interest.

1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the responsibility of Subcommittee D02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels. Current edition approved June 1, 2009. Published August 2009. Originally approved in 1982. Last previous edition...
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