Basic petroleum geology

Basic Petroleum Geology and Log Analysis

Halliburton
© 2001, Halliburton

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Basic Petroleum Geology

Basic Petroleum Geology and Log Analysis

Table of Contents
Introduction .............................................................................................................................................5Objectives................................................................................................................................................6 Earth  An Evolving Planet....................................................................................................................7 Geology Basics........................................................................................................................................8Three Basic Rock Types ........................................................................................................................ 10 The Rock Cycle ..................................................................................................................................... 11 GeologicTime....................................................................................................................................... 12 Age Dating......................................................................................................................................... 12 Basic Age Dating Principles ............................................................................................................... 13 Geologic Time Scale.......................................................................................................................... 15 Basic Classification and Types of Sedimentary Rocks............................................................................ 17 The two main groups of sedimentary rocks are classified on the basis of their origin........................... 17 There are five types of sedimentary rocksthat are important in the production of hydrocarbons:......... 18 Source Rock and Hydrocarbon Generation............................................................................................. 19 Migration of Hydrocarbons.................................................................................................................... 19 Basic Hydrocarbon Chemistry............................................................................................................... 20 Five Major Types of Hydrocarbons of Interest to Petroleum Exploration................................................ 21 Kerogen/Bitumens.............................................................................................................................. 21 Crude Oil........................................................................................................................................... 22 Asphalt .............................................................................................................................................. 23 NaturalGas........................................................................................................................................ 23 Condensates ....................................................................................................................................... 24 Temperature Gradient ............................................................................................................................ 21 PressureGradient................................................................................................................................... 22 What is a reservoir, and how does it develop over time?......................................................................... 24 Abundance and Production of Sedimentary Formations.......................................................................... 25 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A...