Biografia

of Maori New Zealand was one of the last places on Earth to be conquered and colonized. New Zealand, one end of the great Polynesian area was inhabited before the arrival of Europeans in Maori villages, according to tradition, settled there in successive migrations initiated by the tenth century and completed in the fourteenth century from Eastern Polynesia (Cook Islands or Hawaii). Probably theMaori arrived between 800 and 1300 These people had to adapt its economy and social organization to new environmental conditions, isolated from the rest of the world, created an original culture. The archaeological and linguistic evidence (Sutton, 1994) suggest that waves of migrations probably came from eastern Polynesia to New Zealand between 800 and 1300 Maori oral tradition describes thearrival of ancestors from Hawaiki (a legendary place in of tropical Polynesia) in large canoes they crossed oceans (waka). There is no evidence of human settlement in New Zealand before the Maori travelers, on the other hand, strong evidence of archeology, linguistics and physical anthropology indicates that the first settlers came from eastern Polynesia. According to Maori mythology, the ancestors ofMaori would originate from a mythical land called Hawaiki, which would be located to the west. It would have been the starting place from which the Polynesians migrated to the islands. According to their legends, the Maori migrated from Hawaiki to Aotearoa with seven boats who founded the seven original tribes. Also it is said that the souls of the dead depart from Cape Renga, in the far northwestof the North Island, to Hawaiki. [Edit] Culture The Maori language was brought to New Zealand by Polynesians who presumably lived in the area of ​​Tahiti, which probably arrived in double canoes. By 2004, the use of many minor dialects had declined almost to extinction, newer students and traditional speakers used the official standards, Maori TV. However, regional variations are still present indifferent sites and even between speakers and Maori television subtitling. The arrival to the islands meant a cultural change from village to village tropical marine hunter temperate climate, with limited food resources: pets and tropical crops adaptable to the new climate. Before the arrival of the first people, 80% of the land was covered by forest and steppe grasslands exist tussok type in thewestern third of the South Island, more precisely in the Canterbury Plains. It is likely that the Peruvian Indians trading with the Polynesians from the Marquesas and other islands, 2 which may explain that the sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), American plant, came early to New Zealand. The moas and other native birds that were hunted by Maori, became extinct around 1500, relatively soon aftertheir arrival. Facilitated extinction of its low reproduction, and was not a sufficient replacement rate to the rate at which they were killed, but some believe that small groups of moas existed until the late eighteenth or early nineteenth century up. There is a sighting by sailors under the command of James Cook and draw attention to the conservation status of some feathers of these birds. From thepremises of an old style central eastern Polynesia arrived in ornamental accomplishments that characterize his art. The sculpture, its most representative, comprises three types of work: statues in the round, decorative friezes and canoe prows and sterns carved. The favorite subjects are stylized human figure and geometric, representation is rare animals. Almost all of the sculpture is bothfunctional and decorative value, except for some images of religious significance, such as Marakihau, the mythical sea creature with a human face and forked tongue which is represented schematically, with open hands on the belly, carved in relief on a rectangular plate, sometimes puff. The most characteristic feature is the dense incised decoration. There are male figurines with faces and bodies...