Biologia

Páginas: 6 (1315 palabras) Publicado: 6 de septiembre de 2011
Biodiversity chapter 1

Biology:from the greek words "bios" meaning life and logos, meaning "study". Biology is the study of life
Anything that posseses all of the charc. of life is known as an organism

have an orderly structure or organization. Each cell contains genetic material or DNA, there may be 5 to 10 million specios.
Produce offspring or reproduction is essential for thecontinuation of the org. species. species is a group of org. that can be interbreed and produce fertile offspring in nature
Grow and develop. Growth results in an increase in the amount of living material and the formation of new structures. Development are the changes that take place during the life of an org.
Living things adjust to changes in the environment or surroundings which includes: air water,weather, temperature any other org. etc... Anything in an org. external or internal environment that causes the org. to react is stimulus a reaction to a stimulus is a response. Regulation of an org. internal environment to maintain conditions suitable for its survival is called homeostasis make constant adjustments to maintain the correct amount of water, without this organisms die. Energy isthe ability to cause change, org. get them from food, plants make their own food
Living things adapt and evolve, any inherited structure, behavior or internal processes that enables an org. to respond to enviromental factors and live to produce offspring is called an adaptation inherted from previous generations, the gradual change in a species through adaptations over time is evolution

Section1.2

The biosphere is the layer of the planet in which we find life
Wild sheep that dwell in the craggy dessert mountains of Mexico have hooves, very cold climates have developed thick coats of fur and skin that helps to them to face very low temperatures
Abiotic factors are nonliving elements that are apart of a living beings environment
Biotic factors are living beings which inhabitcertain system and also affect the ranges of distribution since they interact among themselves, forming complex food chains
A nations wealth is measured in different ways the most common one is the Gross National Product (GNP) a country's biggest wealth is estimated by the biological diversity of its territory, the wealthiest countries are not those ones with the highest GNP indexes. The most zoneswith diversity are tropical areas and the countries with the gratest wealth are called Megadiverse, endemism refers to those living things which inhabit only one place in the whole planet
There are 8 biogeographical regions in the world which have been classiefied according to their geographic Location and their climate conditions. Mexico is located between 2 bioregions the Nearctic and theNeotropical
Mexico's territory with high mountain ranges and chains and great mesetas, Mexico has the highest of endemic populations, 56% of mexico's reptiles are endemic
Charles Darwin demonstrated that the extintion of the species is a natural process, the rate of extinction due to human causes has increased a thousand or 10,000 compared to the natural course of events
The most important factor isthe definite loss of other living beings which affect their habitats
Megadiverse Countries:
Mexico's 90% of tropical rain forests has disappeared in recent years due to the increase in livestock farming
Another factor is the exploitation of resources like wood, fisheries etc...

Section 1.3

Biodiversity refers to the variety of species in a specific area, it increases as you go up theequator, Tropical regions contain 2/3 of all land species on Earth, the richest environments for biodiversity all seem to be warm places
The number of species depend on the number of habitats
Biodiversity is found on the rain forest in Amazonian, Peru have 300 tree species

Living things are interdependent, animals could not exist without plants an plants without animas to pollinate them, a tree...
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