Biologo

There are more than 400 biotech drug products and vaccines currently in clinical trials targeting more than 200 diseases, including various cancers, Alzheimer’s disease, heart disease, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, AIDS and arthritis. • Biotechnology is responsible for hundreds of medical diagnostic tests that keep other conditions early enough to be successfully

Guide to

the blood supplysafe from the AIDS virus and detect

Biotechnology
2007

treated. Home pregnancy tests are also biotechnology diagnostic products. • Consumers are enjoying biotechnology foods such as papaya, soybeans and corn. The tools of biotechnology allow plant breeders to select single genes that produce desired traits and move them from one plant to another. • environmental biotechnology products makeit possible to clean up hazardous waste more efficiently by harnessing pollution-eating microbes without the use of caustic chemicals. • industrial biotechnology applications have led to cleaner processes that produce less waste and use less energy and water in such industrial sectors as chemicals, pulp and paper, textiles, food, energy, and metals and minerals. For example, most laundry detergentsproduced in the United States contain biotechnology-based enzymes. • Food & agriculture applications are lifting yields and creating hardier crops. • Forensic medicine, as well

The Guide to Biotechnology is compiled by the Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO) Debbie Strickland, BIO, Director of Marketing, Editor Contributors Deb Carstoiu, BIO, Director of State Media Relations andAdvocacy Elinor Van Dyck, Blue House Publishing, Art Director Barbara Glenn, BIO, Managing Director of Animal Bitoechnology Crispin Littlehales, Writer/Editor Adrienne Massey, Ph.D., Writer/Editor

Contents
Biotechnology: A Collection of Technologies 1
Putting the Pieces Together: ‘Omics’ ...............................29 Genomics, proteomics and bioinformatics Product Development Applications.................................31 What Is Biotechnology?......................................................1 Cells and Biological Molecules...........................................1

Health-Care Applications Biotechnology Industry Facts 2
Market Capitalization, 1994–2005 .....................................3 U.S. Industry Statistics: 1994–2005 ...................................3 NewBiotech Drug and Vaccine Approvals/ New Indication Approvals by Year.................................4 North American Biotech Companies by State and Province ....................................................4 Total Financing, 1998–2005 ...............................................5 Biotech Industry Financing, 2005 .....................................5

34

Diagnostics.......................................................................34 Therapeutics .....................................................................34 Personalized Medicine ......................................................37 Regenerative Medicine .....................................................39 Vaccines ............................................................................39 Plant-MadePharmaceuticals............................................41

Therapeutic Developement Overview

42

Biotech Drug Development Process ................................44

Time Line

6

Biotechnology Policy Milestones .....................................16

Approved Biotechnology Drugs

45

The Technologies and Their Applications

Agricultural Production Applications 65 18
CropBiotechnology ..........................................................65 Includes production improvement, impact on developing countries, environmental and economic benefits, and regulations Forest Biotechnology .......................................................69 Animal Biotechnology ......................................................70 Includes companion animals, applications for human...