Bolivia

BOLIVIA
Bolivia, named after independence fighter Simon BOLIVAR, broke away from Spanish rule in 1825. Democratic civilian rule was established in 1982, but leaders have faced difficult problems of deep-seated poverty, social unrest, and illegal drug production Current goals include attracting foreign investment, strengthening the educational system, resolving disputes with coca growers overBolivia's counterdrug efforts, and waging an anticorruption campaign.

Geography

Area: Land boundaries:

Total: 1,098,580 sq km Total: 6,743 km border countries: Argentina 832 km, Brazil 3,400 km, Chile 861 km, Paraguay 750 km, Peru 900 km Varies with altitude; humid and tropical to cold and semiarid Rugged Andes Mountains with a highland plateau (Altiplano), hills, lowland plains of theAmazon Basin Lowest point: Rio Paraguay 90 m Highest point: Nevado Sajama 6,542 m Tin, natural gas, petroleum, zinc, tungsten, antimony, silver, iron, lead, gold, timber, hydropower Arable land: 2.67% Permanent crops: 0.19% Other: 97.14% (2001) 1,280 sq km (1998 est.) Flooding in the northeast (March-April) The clearing of land for agricultural purposes and the international demand for tropical timberare contributing to deforestation; soil erosion from overgrazing and poor cultivation methods (including slash-andburn agriculture); desertification; loss of biodiversity; industrial pollution of water supplies used for drinking and irrigation

Climate: Terrain: Elevation extremes: Natural resources: Land use:

Irrigated land: Natural hazards: Environment - current issues:

Environmentagreements:

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international

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection Landlocked;shares control of Lago Titicaca, world's highest navigable lake (elevation 3,805 m), with Peru

Geography - note:

People
Population: Age structure: 8,857,870 (July 2005 est.) 0-14 years: 35.7% (male 1,613,049/female 1,551,023) 15-64 years: 59.8% (male 2,591,328/female 2,701,892) 65 years and over: 4.5% (male 178,486/female 222,092) (2005 est.) Total: 21.47 years Male: 20.79 years Female: 22.17years (2005 est.) 1.49% (2005 est.) 23.76 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) 7.64 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) -1.27 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) At birth: 1.05 male(s)/female Under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female Total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2005 est.) Total: 53.11 deaths/1,000 live births Male: 56.7deaths/1,000 live births Female: 49.33 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.) Total population: 65.5 years Male: 62.89 years Female: 68.25 years (2005 est.) 2.94 children born/woman (2005 est.) prevalence 0.1% (2003 est.) 4,900 (2003 est.) Less than 500 (2003 est.) Noun: Bolivian(s)

Median age:

Population growth rate: Birth rate: Death rate: Net migration rate: Sex ratio:

Infant mortalityrate:

Life expectancy at birth:

Total fertility rate: HIV/AIDS rate: adult

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: HIV/AIDS - deaths: Nationality:

Adjective: Bolivian

Ethnic groups:
Quechua 30%, mestizo (mixed white and Amerindian ancestry) 30%, Aymara 25%, white 15%

Religions:
Roman Catholic 95%, Protestant (Evangelical Methodist) 5%

Languages:
Spanish (official), Quechua(official), Aymara (official)

Literacy:
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write Total population: 87.2% Male: 93.1% Female: 81.6% (2003 est.)

Government

Country name:

Conventional long form: Republic of Bolivia Conventional short form: Bolivia Local long form: República de Bolivia Local short form: Bolivia Republic La Paz (seat of government); Sucre (legal capital and seat of...