Brazil, Political Features Of State

Brazil, Political Features of State
Brazil is the largest country in South America and the fifth largest country in the world, its population goes over 192 million residents. This country is a lusophone, which means it’s a Portuguese speaking nation, this as a result of being a former Portuguese colony after its independence on the year 1822. Brazil’s borders collide with 10 countries;Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Colombia, Bolivia, Peru, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay, making it share borders with every country in South America except for Chile and Ecuador
1.-Liberal Democracy in Brazil
Brazil has gone trough different government systems. From an empire with a constitutional monarchy, a military dictatorship, and to nowadays it has adopted the presidential system.This system allows Brazilian citizens to elect their leaders and representatives on election periods, since according to the principles of liberal democracy, elections should be free and fair, and the political process should be competitive in order to ensure the legitimacy of a popular decision.
2. – Presidential System as a Form of Government and Separation of Powers
Since the presidentialsystem was adopted, the powers of the state were separated in branches; Executive, Legislative, and Judiciary, just as is of costume in this system. The Executive branch is headed by the President, advised by a Cabinet which is chosen by the president. The President is both the head of state and the head of government, foreign minister; overseeing state's ambassadors, managing anddetermining foreign policy, commander in chief; commanding the state's armed forces and determining military policy.
The Judiciary branch is in charge of imparting justice, the system is divided primarily in the ordinary courts and the specialized courts. The specialized courts are kept entirely by the Federal Government and are divided the Military courts, the Labor courts and the Electoral courts.
The ordinarycourts are divided between the Federal and the State's judiciaries. The Judiciary of the Brazilian Federal District has the same Subject-matter jurisdiction of the ordinary state level judiciary over that special territory, but is kept and organized by the Federal Government.

The Legislative branches the power to pass, amend, and repeal laws. The law created by a legislature iscalled legislation or statutory law. In addition to enacting laws, legislatures usually have exclusive authority to raise or lower taxes and adopt the budget and other money bills. The most common forms being parliament and congress, Brazil uses the congress system in its legislative branch

3. – Bicameral Legislature System
In Brazil the National Congress is the legislative body of the government. Thisbranch is divided into two chambers, the chamber of Deputies and the Federal Senate. The Chamber of Deputies represents the people of each state. This chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. This means that each party has assigned a number of seats in the chamber according to its voting percentage received in each state.
The Senate,however, is a close representation to de United States Senate, represents the 26 states and the Federal District. Currently, the Senate comprises 81 seats so each State and the Federal District has a representation of three Senators, who are elected by popular ballot for a term of eight years. Every four years, renewal of either one third or two-thirds of the Senate takes place.
4.-Constitutionof Brazil, a written Document with Rigid Traits
The Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil is the supreme law in the state; it’s the foundation and source of the legal authority underlying the existence of Brazil and the federal government. This document has gone through several changes, just as the nation has. The latest constitution which is the seventh and current Brazilian...