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Acidified Sodium Chlorite
Handling/Processing
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Chemical Name: Sodium chlorite Synonym: Chlorous acid, sodium salt Other Names: Acidified sodium chlorite (ASC) Sanova® SANOVA® Identification of Petitioned Substance CAS Number: 7758-19-2 Other Codes: EINECS 231-836-6 RTECS No. VZ 4800000 UN No. 1496

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32Composition of the Substance:

Characterization of Petitioned Substance

The petitioned substance, acidified sodium chlorite (ASC) solution, is a binary composition that consists of sodium chlorite solution and citric acid. Sodium chlorite solution is made with sodium chloride crystals or flakes and water, and available at various concentrations, such as SANOVA® Base (25%) and Sanova® AntimicrobialFood Additive Base (25%) containing 20-50% by weight of sodium chlorite (NaClO2). While the chlorite ion (ClO2–) is stable in aqueous solution, under acidic conditions— the acidifier can be any one of food-grade acids, chlorite forms chlorous acid (HClO2) (see Figure 1). Chlorous acid is unstable and dissociates back to chlorite ion. Other compounds like chlorine dioxide (ClO2) and chlorate alsogenerated. Ultimately, chlorous acid degrades to chloride (Cl–).

ClO2– + H+
Chlorite Acid

HClO2
Chlorous acid

Figure 1. Formation of Chlorous Acid Properties of the Substance: Chemical and physical properties (FSANZ, 2003) Color Density/Specific Gravity White Crystalline Solid (80% Technical Grade) ; Solutions: Colorless to light green 2.468 Crystal 1.176 Bulk, Packed, 80% TechnicalGrade 1.21 (25% aqueous solution) pKa of chlorous acid (HClO2) = 1.72 @ 25º C Sodium chlorite reacts with hydrogen ions to form chlorous acid; pKa of chlorous acid (HClO2) = 1.72 @ 25º C -8º C (25% Solution) 180—200º C, Decomposes 91.45 Slight chlorine-like Stable to air oxidation 80% Technical Grade is stable to photolysis; Photolysis sodium chlorite solutions produces chlorine dioxide Page 1 of 9Dissociation Constants Hydrolysis Melting/Crystallization Points (liquids) Melting Point or Range (solids) Molecular Weight Odor Oxidation Stability (air) Photolysis July 21, 2008

Technical Evaluation Report for the USDA National Organic Program

Technical Evaluation Report Physical State Solubility in Organic Solvents Solubility in Water Thermal Stability Vapor Pressure Viscosity(liquids) 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79

Acidified Sodium Chlorite

Handling/Processing

White Crystalline Solid, slightly hygroscopic (80% Technical) Not soluble in non-polar solvents; Sparingly soluble in polar solvents 43.6% @ 25º C Decomposes at 180—200º C 21.085 mm Hg (25% solution@ 25º C) 1.851 cps @25º C (25% solution)

ASC solution is typically not constituted for application until immediately just prior to the actual time of use because of its unstable nature. Acidification of sodium chlorite results in partial conversion of chlorite to an unstable material, chlorous acid. Gordon, et al. stated that 100% chlorous acid solution decomposed to chloride and oxygen in onehour. Chlorous acid is the main active ingredient of ASC solution and is a very strong oxidizing agent. A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for chlorous acid (CAS No.13898-47-0) is not available; in addition, there is no USEPA registration number for chlorous acid. Specific Uses of the Substance: ASC solution is used as a processing aid in wash and/or rinse water, in accordance with the FDAlimitation for using on direct food contact and indirect food contact: • Direct Food Contact (Secondary Direct Food Additive) ─ Poultry carcass, organs and parts; red meat carcass, organs and parts, seafood (finfish and crustaceans), and fruits and vegetables (raw and further processed); processed, comminuted or formed meat products; and • Indirect Direct Food Contact ─ Hard surface food contact...