Carbon Footprint Measurement

CARBON FOOTPRINT MEASUREMENT
METHODOLOGY REPORT

CENTRE FOR WATER ANd WASTE TEChNOlOgy UNIvERSITy OF NSW dR SvEN lUNdIE, MATThIAS SChUlz, dR gREg PETERS IN CO-OPERATION WITh SCION dR BARBARA NEBEl AgRESEARCh dR STEWART lEdgARd FOR FONTERRA CO-OPERATIvE gROUP lIMITEd 12 JANUARy 2009

dOCUMENT STATUS RECORd

©

Project Title: Client: Document Title Document File Name:

Carbon FootprintMeasurement Fonterra Co-operative Group Limited Methodology Report 081204_CWWT SCION AGRESEARCH Methodology for carbon footprint

dISClAIMER: 1. The Centre for Water and Waste Technology has taken all reasonable steps to ensure that the information contained in this publication is accurate at the time of production. In some cases, we have relied on information supplied by the client. 2. Thisreport has been prepared in accordance with good professional practice. No other warranty, expressed or implied, is made as to the professional advice given in this report. 3. The Centre for Water and Waste Technology maintains no responsibility for the misrepresentation of results due to incorrect use of information contained within this report. 4. This report should remain together and be read as awhole. 5. This report has been prepared solely for the benefit of the client listed above. No liability is accepted by the Centre for Water and Waste Technology with respect to the use of this report by third parties without prior written approval.

COPyRIghT: © The Centre for Water and Waste Technology, Scion and AgResearch

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CARBON FOOTPRINT METHODOLOGY REPORT

TABlE OF CONTENTSCONTENTS CONTENTS CONTENTS CONTENTS CONTENTS

1 2 3

Executive Summary Overview of the project Methodology for calculating the carbon footprint 3.1 Standards and references 3.1.1 Existing ISO Standards related to carbon footprint assessment 3.1.2 Carbon Trust – BSI – DEFRA initiative 3.1.3 IPCC guidelines 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 General overview life cycle assessment calculation procedure Carbonfootprint calculation Methodology for the farm 3.5.1 Overview of published studies on carbon footprint and life cycle assessment for dairy farm systems to the farm-gate stage 3.5.2 Goal and scope: functional unit, system boundaries, allocation rules 3.5.3 Inventory data 3.5.4 Carbon footprint calculation 3.6 Methodology for processing 3.6.1 Goal 3.6.2 Scope 3.6.3 Functional unit 3.6.4 System boundary3.6.5 Life cycle inventory data 3.6.6 Allocation procedure 3.7 Methodology for distribution 3.7.1 Goal 3.7.2 Scope 3.7.3 Functional unit 3.7.4 System boundaries 3.7.5 Life cycle inventory data

6 8 9 9

11 12 12 12

21

27

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References

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FOR FONTERRA CO-OPERATIVE GROUP 2009

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INdEx TO FIgURES

Figure 1: CONTENTS CONTENTS CONTENTS CONTENTS CONTENTS Figure 2: Figure 3.Figure 4: Figure 5. Figure 6:

Life cycle assessment framework as described in ISO standards 14040 and 14044 System boundaries of the carbon footprint calculation with mass and energy flows Simplified flowchart of the “grass-to-farm-gate” NZ production system Flow chart of "grass-t-farm-gate" life cycle for the range of milk suppliers System boundaries of product carbon footprints Systemboundaries of distribution carbon footprints

9 11 14 15 22 28

INdEx TO TABlES
Table 1. Table 2. Districts included in each regionally-adjusted category for this study. Technical description of Northland, Waikato, Bay of Plenty, Taranaki, Lower North Island, Westland, Marlborough + Canterbury, Otago + Southland and weighted NZ average dairy farms (year 2004/2005). Key emission factors and parametersaccording to the IPCC-based methodology Industry-specific physico-chemical allocation matrix 17

18 20 25

Table 7. Table 8:

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CARBON FOOTPRINT METHODOLOGY REPORT

ABBREvIATIONS

F M A
AMF BSi CF CO2-eq CWWT Defra DM EEIO FU GHG GWP IPCC LCA LCI LCIA LDPE LLDPE LUC MP MPC NZ PAS TEU WPC

Anhydrous milkfat British Standards Institution Carbon footprint Carbon dioxide equivalents...