Cellular Nutrition

OBJECTIVES: 1. 2. Understand and explain cellular nutrition. Understand and explain cellular respiration.

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CELLULAR METABOLISM Nutrients Chemical processes Cellular metabolism:
•Maintainlife •Allow organisms to •grow and reproduce •maintain their structure •respond to environment

Metabolic rate determines the amount of food needed!
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CELLULAR NUTRITION CATABOLISM
Cells breakdown complex organic biomolecules into simple substances, releasing energy!

Polysaccharides Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids

Monosaccharides Fatty acids Amino acids Nucleotides

Energy
(cellrespiration)

H2O CO2

ATP
•Controlled by enzymes and hormones •Provides chemical energy for maintenance and growth of cells •ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) •provides energy for digestion, motion,reproduction, etc.
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CELLULAR NUTRITION CATABOLISM

Polysaccharides

Monosaccharides

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CELLULAR NUTRITION CATABOLISM

Lipids

Fatty acids

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CELLULAR NUTRITION CATABOLISMProteins

Amino Acids

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CELLULAR NUTRITION CATABOLISM

Nucleic acids

Nucleotides

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CELLULAR NUTRITION ANABOLISM
Cells construct molecules from smaller units •requires energy!Simple substance

Energy

Complex substance: Proteins Nucleic acids

•Synthesis of molecules •Build up organs, tissues and body size •Examples: •Bone growth and mineralization •Muscle mass increasePlants from Sun; Animals, fungi, protozoa from organic matter; Bacteria from external chemical energy 8

ANABOLISM
PHOTOSYNTHESIS Mineral salts +6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O2 + 6 O2

Organic matter(glucose) is produced from inorganic matter. Hence autotrophic organisms provide energy for heterotrophic organisms. Photosynthesis is a key process for life! It occurs in two phases: 1. Luminous phase:Needs Sun. Chlorophyll collects light energy. NADP is produced. Dark phase: NADP participates in red-ox reactions which allow synthesis of glucose from H2O and CO2.
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2.

AUTOTROPHIC...