Chiche itza

INTRODUCTION:

Chichen Itzá is one of the major archaeological sites in the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico. Located in the municipality of tinum in the state of Yucatan .Important and renowned relic of the Mayan civilization, the main buildings there remain correspond to the time of the decline of Mayan culture itself known by archaeologists as the post-classic period
The massive architecture hascome to today and today is emblematic of the field, has a clear Toltec influence. The god who presides over the site, according to Mayan mythology, is Kukulcan, Maya representation of Quetzalcoatl, god of the cemetery taken from the Toltec culture. That said, consider that Chichen Itza was a city or a ceremonial center, which went through several construction periods and influences of the variouspeoples who occupied it and led it since its inception.

The archaeological zone of Chichén Itzá was inscribed on the List of World Heritage by UNESCO in 1988. On July 7, 2007, was recognized as one of the New Wonders of the World, a private initiative without the support of Unesco, but with the recognition of millions of voters around the world.


HISTORY:
The name Chichen-Itza is Mayanroots and means "on the edge of the well of the Itza". It is estimated that Chichen Itza was built around the years 435 and 455. The decline of Classic Maya sites occurred along the ninth century did not reach the northern Yucatan until 150 years later, so that in this small moment in time was developed Puuc thriving in cities such as Uxmal, Sayil, Kabah and Chichen Itza, but these cities fell tothe 1000 AD with the exception of Chichen Itza, which began a period of political power, culminating with the first centralized state of Maya history, affecting the northern Yucatan. To study this city from the year 1000 we collected oral tradition in native chronicles and Archaeology, both of which are sometimes complementary but often contradictory, causing confusion about the historicalevolution of Chichen. Evidence indicates that the first arrival of groups of origin Itza Chontal from the lowlands of Tabasco could have happened around 800 AD.
According to the available evidence, it is possible that many of the city's main buildings have been destroyed at the end of the eleventh century and rebuilt later. You could say that the decline of Chichen Itza was given in a context ofviolence, which led to the loss of Chichen Itza in hegemoonía Mayab.

In the year 987 AD was formed Mayapán League, which was a union of priestly houses of the peninsula, among which the most important were Uxmal, and Chichen Itza Mayapán. However, this league was destroyed by a disagreement between the chiefs of the participants led to a declaration of war by one of them, Hunac Ceel, who wasproclaimed Mayapán Halach Uinik. This led to the break with the Itzá who lost the conflict and eventually had to flee in the year 1194 AD and took refuge in the Peten, where they had originally come to nearly ten centuries.

Unlike the beginning, when Chichén was founded in the Maya came from the east looking for peace and development of its people settling in the Mayab "the place for a few" name thathad the entire region before the arrival of the Spanish at the end, 1000 years later, the region itself had become a place of strife and struggle. In the fall, the elite was made up of warriors, priests and merchants that ruled Chichen Itza. They had introduced the worship of the god Kukulcan. They had built impressive buildings with slopes and vertical walls and representations of the bird-serpentgod who came from outside. In the process of decline militarism was undoubtedly the foundation of this culture. This is evident in the monument called the Platform of Skulls where displayed, nailed to stakes, the skulls of hundreds of enemies.
ECONOMY:
The Maya were primarily farmers and their principal food was corn. Agriculture was a central activity in the life of the Maya, their farming...