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New research shows that the loss of large animals has had strong effects on ecosystem functions, and that reintroducing large animal faunas may restore biodiverse ecosystems.
rewilding is gaining a lot of interest as an alternative conservation and land management approach in recent years, but remains controversial. It is increasingly clear that Earth harbored rich faunas of large animals --such as elephants, wild horses and big cats -- pretty much everywhere, but that these have starkly declined whit the spread of humans across the world -- a decline that continues in many areas.
A range of studies now that these losses have had strong effects on ecosystem functions, and a prominent strain of rewilding, trophic rewilding, focuses on restoring large animal faunas and their top-downfood-web effects to promote self-regulating biodiverse ecosystems.
A new study led by researchers from departament of bioscience, Aarhus university, published in PNAS today, synthesizes the current scientific research on trophic rewilding and outlines key research priorities for rewilding science.
"Reviewing the evidence from major rewilding projects such as the wolf reintroduction to theYellowstone National Park and the Oostvaardersplassen experiment in the Netherlands, the study concludes that species reintroductions and ecological replacements can successfully estore lost food-web cascades with strong ecological effects," says lead author Professor Jens-Christian Svenning, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University
"Unfortunately, empirical rewilding research is rare and geographicallybiased, with the scientific literature on rewilding dominated by opinion pieces," supplements co-lead PhD Student Pil B.M. Pedersen, Department of bioscience , Aarhus University.
As a key point the study highlights the need for the increasing number of rewilding projects to include hypothesis testing and science-based monitoring to help building a robust scientific basis for rewilding as animportant component of conservation and land management.
The study also concludes that rewilding may be affected by trophic complexity (For example, functional variation among large herbivores) and interactions with landscape settings and human activities, but that these important complexities are poorly understood and should be prioritized for future research.
"one major science gap is experimentalrewilding studies on elephant and other very large herbivores, as these used to be present in pretty much all regions and ecosystems and have particularly large ecological effects," says Professor Svenning
Additional research prioritized listed by the study include developing rewilding's global scope -- as large animals have been lost everywhere -- and tools to reduce human-wildlife conflicts, toallow realizing rewilding in a world densely populated with people.
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The above post in reprinted from materials provided by Aarhus University. Note: Materials my be edited for content and length.

Una nueva investigación muestra que la pérdida de animales grandes ha tenido fuertes efectos sobre las funciones del ecosistema, y ​​que la reintroducción de grandes faunas animales puederestaurar los ecosistemas biodiversos.
rewilding está ganando mucho interés como un enfoque de conservación y manejo de la tierra alternativa en los últimos años, pero sigue siendo controvertido. Es cada vez más claro que la Tierra alberga ricas faunas de grandes animales - tales como elefantes, caballos salvajes y los gatos grandes - prácticamente en todas partes, pero que éstas se han reducidomarcadamente la pizca de la propagación de los seres humanos en todo el mundo - un descenso que continúa en muchas áreas.
Una serie de estudios ahora que estas pérdidas han tenido fuertes efectos sobre las funciones del ecosistema, y ​​una cepa prominente de rewilding, rewilding trófica, se centra en la restauración de grandes faunas animales, y sus efectos en la web de alimentos de arriba hacia...