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There are various types of tariffs:

An ad valorem tariffs is a set percentage of the value of the good that is being imported. Sometimes these are problematic, as when the international priceof a good falls, so does the tariff, and domestic industries become more vulnerable to competition. Conversely, when the price of a good rises on the international market so does the tariff, but acountry is often less interested in protection when the price is high.

They also face the problem of inappropriate transfer pricing where a company declares a value for goods being traded whichdiffers from the market price, aimed at reducing overall taxes due.

A SPECIFIC tariff, is a tariff of a specific amount of money that does not vary with the price of the good. These tariffs arevulnerable to changes in the market or inflation unless updated periodically.
A REVENUE tariff is a set of rates designed primarily to raise money for the government. A tariff on coffee importsimposed by countries where coffee cannot be grown, for example, raises a steady flow of revenue.
A PROHIBITIVE tariff is one so high that nearly no one imports any of that item.
A PROTECTIVEtariff is intended to artificially inflate prices of imports and protect domestic industries from foreign competition (see also effective rate of protection,) especially from competitors whose host nationsallow them to operate under conditions that are illegal in the protected nation, or who subsidize their exports.
An environmental tariff, similar to a 'protective' tariff, is also known as a'green' tariff or 'eco-tariff', and is placed on products being imported from, and also being sent to countries with substandard environmental pollution controls.
A RETALIATORY tariff is one placedagainst a country who already charges tariffs against the country charging the retaliatory tariff (e.g. If the United States were to charge tariffs on Chinese goods, China would probably charge a...