Data analysis

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Data Analysis Assignment
BUS 6860
Spring 2010

Instructions: Provide answers to each of the following questions in a Word document. You are a business analyst and the audience is your manager, who is bright but has not taken USU’s BUS 6860. Explain your answers thoroughly but concisely, and present them in a professional manner. Some questions only require two or three sentences for ananswer and explanation (e.g., question 4), and others require up to a full page to provide a complete analysis (e.g., question 8). With the exception of question 8, all questions are worth 10 points. You may do this exercise alone or you may work with one other person. Please submit only one assignment between the two of you, with both names at the top of the Word document.
Your textbook should bethe only resource you need (primarily chapters 20-24), but you are welcomed to reference statistics books and the Web if you want.
1. A survey asks respondents to respond to the statement “My work is interesting.” Interpret the frequency distribution shown (taken from an SPSS output) (10 points).

My work is interesting:
Relative Adjusted CUM
Absolute Freq Freq Freq
Category Label CodeFreq (PCT) (PCT) (PCT)
V True 1 650 23.9 62.4 62.4
Somewhat True 2 303 11.2 29.1 91.5
Not Very True 3 61 2.2 5.9 97.3
Not At All True 4 28 1.0 2.7 100.0
. 1,673 61.6 Missing
Total 2,715 100.0 100.0
Valid Cases: 1,042 Missing Cases: 1,673

There are some category levels. These lists the four possible answer in terms of level of truth raging from “very true” to “not at all true”.These categories are then coded in an ordinal format going from 1 (very true) to 4 (not at all true). Also, the absolute frequency describes the number of responses for each category, including not answered items, which may have been skipped by the respondent intentionally or simply missed. Out of the 2717 participants 28 answered “not at all true” while, 650 responded “very true” as for their workbeing interesting . It is important noting the fact that 1673 people did not provide an answer. It could be inferred that the majority of the participants preferred not to answer the question because they may fear they could lose their jobs if they provided an answer or simply did not have an opinion at all. The relative frequency shows the responses to each category label in terms percentages oftotal responses which includes valid and missing cases. Looking at the relative frequency you can notice right off the bat that 61.6% of the participants did not provide an answer (missing cases).Also, the adjusted frequency is similar to the relative frequency but only takes into account the valid cases and thus allows for more accurate analysis. Looking at the adjusted frequency we now see thatout of the 1042 valid cases, 62.4% answered “very true” to their work being interesting. It is good to know that the cumulative frequency lists the percentages of the adjusted frequency in a cumulative manner.


2. What is a significance level? How does a researcher choose a significance level? What is the difference between a significance level and a p-value? How is a p-value used to test ahypothesis? (10 points)

The definition of significance level is the critical probability related with a statistical hypothesis test that indicates how likely it is that an inference supporting a difference between and observed value and other statistical expectation are true. Usually specify an acceptable significance level for a test prior to the analysis is selected prior to the study. Formost application the acceptable amount of error, and therefore the acceptable significance level,0.05. The p-values are selected depending on the degree of Type I error that the one conducting the study is willing to have. P-values are different from significance level in that p-values are the observed or computed significance level while the significance level is essentially the p-value the one...
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