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Wiki
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This article is about the type of website. For other uses, see Wiki (disambiguation).
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"WikiNode" redirects here. For the WikiNode of Wikipedia, see Wikipedia:WikiNode.
A wiki (i /ˈwɪki/ WIK-ee) is a website that allows the creation and editing of anynumber of interlinked web pages via a web browser using a simplified markup language or a WYSIWYG text editor.[1][2][3] Wikis are typically powered by wiki software and are often used collaboratively by multiple users. Examples include community websites, corporate intranets, knowledge management systems, and note services. The software can also be used for personal notetaking.
Wikis serve differentpurposes. Some permit control over different functions (levels of access). For example editing rights may permit changing, adding or removing material. Others may permit access without enforcing access control. Other rules can be imposed for organizing content.
Ward Cunningham, the developer of the first wiki software, WikiWikiWeb, originally described it as "the simplest online database thatcould possibly work."[4] "Wiki" (pronounced [ˈwiti] or [ˈviti]) is a Hawaiian word for "fast".[5]
Contents [hide]
1 History
2 Characteristics
2.1 Editing wiki pages
2.2 Navigation
2.3 Linking and creating pages
3 Wiki implementation
4 Trust and security
4.1 Controlling changes
4.2 Searching
4.3 Trustworthiness
4.4 Security
5 Wiki communities
6 Research conferences
7 Rules
8 Legalenvironment
9 See also
10 References
11 Further reading
12 External links
History

Main article: History of wikis

Wiki Wiki Shuttle at Honolulu International Airport
WikiWikiWeb was the first wiki.[6] Ward Cunningham started developing WikiWikiWeb in Portland, Oregon, in 1994, and installed it on the Internet domain c2.com [7] on March 25, 1995. It was named by Cunningham, who remembered aHonolulu International Airport counter employee telling him to take the "Wiki Wiki Shuttle" bus that runs between the airport's terminals. According to Cunningham, "I chose wiki-wiki as an alliterative substitute for 'quick' and thereby avoided naming this stuff quick-web."[8][9]
Cunningham was in part inspired by Apple's HyperCard. Apple had designed a system allowing users to create virtual"card stacks" supporting links among the various cards. Cunningham developed Vannevar Bush's ideas by allowing users to "comment on and change one another's text."[2][10]
In the early 2000s, wikis were increasingly adopted in enterprise as collaborative software. Common uses included project communication, intranets, and documentation, initially for technical users. Today some companies use wikisas their only collaborative software and as a replacement for static intranets, and some schools and universities use wikis to enhance group learning. There may be greater use of wikis behind firewalls than on the public Internet.
On March 15, 2007, wiki entered the online Oxford English Dictionary.[11]
Characteristics

Ward Cunningham and co-author Bo Leuf, in their book The Wiki Way: QuickCollaboration on the Web, described the essence of the Wiki concept as follows:
A wiki invites all users to edit any page or to create new pages within the wiki Web site, using only a plain-vanilla Web browser without any extra add-ons.
Wiki promotes meaningful topic associations between different pages by making page link creation almost intuitively easy and showing whether an intended targetpage exists or not.
A wiki is not a carefully crafted site for casual visitors. Instead, it seeks to involve the visitor in an ongoing process of creation and collaboration that constantly changes the Web site landscape.
A wiki enables communities to write documents collaboratively, using a simple markup language and a web browser. A single page in a wiki website is referred to as a "wiki page",...