Deshidratacion
OFFSHORE PRODUCTION SYSTEM‐ A SCHEMATIC
DATA/SCADA
SBM
POWER UMBILICAL(DATA/WELL CONTROL) WELL FLUID INJ. WATER W LIFT GAS WELLS WELL TESTING PRODN OPTIMIZATION WELL CONTROL WELL SERVICING TELEMETRY / SCADA WELL FLUID (OIL/GAS/WATER) WELLS/CONNECTED WELL P/F SEPARATION MODULE‐ OIL/GAS/WATER LIFT GAS
TANKER
WELL P/F'S
INJETCTION WATERPROCESS PLATFORMS
OIL TO REFINERY OIL GAS ONSHORE TERMINALS GAS TO CONSUMERS
WELLS
OIL PRODUCERS GAS PRODUCERS INJECTION WELLS
GAS COMPRESSION AND DEHYDRATION MODULE SEA WATER TREATMENT FOR WATER INJECTION PRODUCED WATER TREATEMENT MODULE POWER GENERATION UTILITIES ‐ WATER/SUPPLIES LIVING QUARTERS DRILLING/WELL SERVICING RIG MODULE
THE MAJOR ELEMENTS OF OFFSHORE PRODUCTION SYSTEM
• • • • • • WELLS (SUBSEA/PLATFORM WELLS) WELL PLATFORMS/WELL SERVICING RIGS FEEDER SUBSEA PIPELINES PROCESSING PLATFORMS EXPORT PIPELINES FOR OIL/GAS TANKERS FOR EVACUATION OF OIL.
We shall discuss about… • • • • • PLATFORMS WELLHEAD PLATFORMS WELLS PROCESSING SYSTEM NEW TECHNOLOGIES
TYPES OF OFFSHORE PLATFORMS
WATER DEPTH AND TYPE OF PLATFORM
Oil platforms
•An oil platform or oil rig is a large structure used to house workers and machinery needed to drill and/or extract oil and natural gas through wells in the ocean bed. • Depending on the circumstances, the platform may be attached to the ocean floor, consist of an artificial island, or be floating. • Generally, oil platforms are located on the continental shelf, though as technology improves, drilling and production in deeper waters becomes both feasible and profitable. • A typical platform may have around thirty wellheads located on the platform and directional drilling allows reservoirs to be accessed at both different depths and at remote positions up to 5 miles (8 kilometres) from the platform. • Many platforms also have remote wellheads attached by umbilical connections, these may be single wells or a manifold centre for multiple wells.
FIXED PLATFORMS
These platforms are built on concrete and/or steel legs anchored directly onto the seabed, supporting a deck with space for drilling rigs, production facilities and crew quarters. Such platforms are, by virtue of their immobility, designed for very long term use. Various types of structure are used, steel jacket, concrete caisson, floating steel and even floating concrete. Steel jackets are vertical sections made of tubular steel members, and are usually piled into the seabed. Concrete caisson structures, often have in‐built oil storage in tanks below the sea surface and these tanks were often used as a flotation capability, allowing them to be built close to shore and then floated to their final position where they are sunk to the seabed. Fixed platforms are economically feasible for installation in water depths up to about 1,700 feet (520 m).
Fixed Platform
Semi‐submersible Platform
These platforms have legs of sufficient buoyancy to cause the structure to float, but of weight sufficient to keep the structure upright. Semi‐submersible rigs can be moved from place to place; can be ballasted up or down by altering the amount of flooding in buoyancy tanks; They are generally anchored by with chain, wire rope and/or polyester rope during drilling operations, though they can also be kept in place by the use of dynamic positioning. Semi‐submersibles can be used in water depths from 200 to 10,000 feet (60 to 3,050 m).
Jack‐up PlatformsJackups, as the name suggests, are platforms that can be jacked up above the sea using legs which can be lowered like jacks. These platforms are typically used in water depths up to 400 feet, although some designs can go to 550 feet depth. They are designed to move from place to place, and then anchor themselves by deploying the legs to the ocean bottom using a rack and pinion gear system on each leg....
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