Diagrama De Escalera

Ladder Diagrams
Ladder diagrams are specialized schematics commonly used to document industrial control logic systems. They are called “Ladder” diagrams because they resemble a ladder, with twovertical rails (supply power) and as many "rungs" (horizontal lines) as there are control circuits to represent. If we wanted to draw a simple ladder diagram showing a lamp that is controlled by a handswitch, it would look like this:

The "L1" and "L2" designations refer to the two poles of a 120 VAC supply, unless otherwise noted. L1 is the "hot" conductor, and L2 is the grounded ("neutral")conductor. These designations have nothing to do with inductors, just to make things confusing. The actual transformer or generator supplying power to this circuit is omitted for simplicity. In reality,the circuit looks something like this:

Typically in industrial relay logic circuits, but not always, the operating voltage for the switch contacts and relay coils will be 120 volts AC. Lower voltageAC and even DC systems are sometimes built and documented according to "ladder" diagrams:

So long as the switch contacts and relay coils are all adequately rated, it really doesn't matter whatlevel of voltage is chosen for the system to operate with.
Diagramas de Escalera
Los diagramas de escalera son esquemas de uso común para documentar sistemas industriales de la lógica de control. Se lesllama "Escalera" diagramas porque se asemejan a una escalera, con dos rieles verticales (de alimentación) y otros tantos "escalones" (líneas horizontales), ya que hay circuitos de control pararepresentar. Si quisiéramos dibujar un diagrama de la escala simple que muestra una lámpara que está controlado por un interruptor en la mano, se vería así:

Las denominaciones "L1" y "L2"serefieren a los dos polos de un suministro de 120 VAC, a menos que se indique lo contrario. L1 es la "caliente" del conductor, y L2 es la tierra ("neutral") del conductor. Estas designaciones no tienen nada que...