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NEUMONÍA NOSOCOMIAL
Neumonía nosocomial por Acinetobacter baumannii
José Miguel Cisneros-Herrerosa, José Garnacho-Monterob y M. Eugenia Pachón-Ibáñeza
aServicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas.Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío. Sevilla. España. bServicio de Cuidados Críticos y Urgencias.
Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío. Sevilla. España.
respiratorydistress syndrome, aspiration, and previous
antibiotic therapy.
Definitive diagnosis requires respiratory samples and
invasive techniques with quantitative cultures to
differentiate true infectionsfrom simple colonizations. The
crude mortality of patients with ventilator-associated A.
baumannii pneumonia is high, although the attributable
mortality is controversial.
Adequate empiricalantimicrobial therapy of A. baumannii
pneumonia is a protective factor, even though the
therapeutic options are often limited. The treatment of
choice is imipenem and sulbactam may be considered anacceptable alternative. Nowadays, colistin is the treatment
of choice in A. baumannii pneumonia caused by
panresistant strains. The associations of imipenem and
rifampin or imipenem and sulbactam maybe acceptable
alternatives to colistin in infections caused by these strains.
Surveillance measures are essential to eradicate this
multidrug-resistant pathogen in outbreaks and reduce the
numberof episodes in endemic situations. Although these
measures are important throughout the hospital, intensive
care units are especially high-risk areas.
Key words: Acinetobacter baumannii.Multiresistance.
Panresistance. Pneumonia. Nosocomial infection.
Características microbiológicas
de Acinetobacter baumannii
Acinetobacter baumannii es un bacilo gramnegativo no
fermentador, capaz decrecer a 44 ºC, a diferencia de las
otras 20 genoespecies del género Acinetobacter, que en las
últimas dos décadas se ha convertido en un importante
patógeno nosocomial, de control y tratamiento...