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CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS, Oct. 2002, p. 747–756 0893-8512/02/$04.00 0 DOI: 10.1128/CMR.15.4.747–756.2002 Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Vol. 15, No. 4

Current Consensus Guidelines for Treatment of Neurocysticercosis
Hector H. García,1,2* Carlton A. W. Evans,3,4 Theodore E. Nash,5 Osvaldo M. Takayanagui,6 A. Clinton White, Jr.,7 DavidBotero,8 Vedantam Rajshekhar,9 Victor C. W. Tsang,10 Peter M. Schantz,10 James C. Allan,11 Ana Flisser,12 Dolores Correa,13 Elsa Sarti,14 Jon S. Friedland,4 S. Manuel Martinez,1 Armando E. Gonzalez,15 Robert H. Gilman,1,2,16 and Oscar H. Del Brutto17
Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurologicas1; Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Universidad Peruana ´ CayetanoHeredia2; and School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos,15 Lima, Peru; University of Cambridge Clinical School, Cambridge3; Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine4; and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Salford, and Pfizer Inc., Sandwich,11 United Kingdom; Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy andInfectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda5, and Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore,16 Maryland; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil6; Infectious Disease Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor ˜ College of Medicine, Houston,Texas7; Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Medellín, Colombia8; Department of Neurological Sciences, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, India9; Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia10; School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico12; Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Secretaríade Salud13; and Instituto Nacional de Diagnostico y Referencia Epidemiologicos, Secretaría de Salud,14 Mexico D.F., Mexico; and ´ ´ Department of Neurological Sciences, Hospital-Clínica Kennedy, Guayaquil, Ecuador17 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................747 TheParasite.............................................................................................................................................................748 The Disease..............................................................................................................................................................748Diagnosis..................................................................................................................................................................749 Therapeutic Alternatives........................................................................................................................................749 Antiparasitic drugs.............................................................................................................................................750 Surgery .................................................................................................................................................................751 Symptomatic and anti-inflammatory medication ...........................................................................................751 DISCUSSION GUIDELINESAND METHODS ....................................................................................................751 PANEL CONSENSUS—GENERAL CONCEPTS..................................................................................................752 OVERVIEW OF PARENCHYMAL BRAIN CYSTICERCOSIS ...........................................................................752 Viable Cysts...