Drill Bits

Drill Bits
A drill bit is a very important tool in Petroleum Engineering because of its task; this incredible tool allows the Engineer to create a hole in the ground to do the most important partof his work, obtain the oil that is contained in the subsurface. But before hand we have to understand what well drilling is.
Well drilling is the process of drilling a hole in the ground for theextraction of a natural resource such as ground water, natural gas, or petroleum. Drilling for the exploration of the nature of the material underground is best described as borehole drilling, or'drilling'. For doing so a special tool is used, that is the drill bit.

Drill bit: It’s a tool that is placed at the end of a drill string to break, cut and grind the rock formations while drilling awell. Whether this is a gas well, water or oil. The drill bits are hollow to allow passage of drilling fluid that squirts by interchangeable parts. The drilling fluid lubricates and cools the bit andhelps expel the crushed rock to the surface. In unconsolidated formations high pressure water help to directly remove the rock that way reduce drilling times. They are manufactured in many materialsaccording to the requirement, such as:
Tungsten carbide and other carbides: These are extremely hard materials that can drill in virtually all materials while holding an edge longer than other bits.Polycrystalline diamond (PCD) is among the hardest of all tool materials and is therefore extremely wear-resistant. It consists of a layer of diamond particles, typically about 0.5 mm (0.019") thick,bonded as a sintered mass to a tungsten carbide support. And other.


There are also different types of bits:
Triconic Bits: The rotary cone bits are one of the most widely used in the industryfor its great variety. The body of the drill consists of a threaded connection which holds the drill pipe; the cones are mounted on bearings. The lubricant for these sites is the drilling fluid and...