Ecologia

Religion (17th - 20th Century)

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17th century
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Many Christian revivals drew inspiration fromthe missionary work of early monks, from the Protestant Reformation (and Catholic Reformation) and from the uncompromising stance of the Covenanters in 17th century Scotland and Ulster, that came toVirginia and Pennsylvania with Presbyterians and other non-conformists. Its character formed part of the mental framework that led to the American War of Independence and the Civil War.-------------------------------------------------
18th century
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The 18th century Age of Enlightenment had a chilling effect on spiritual movements, but this wascountered by theMethodist revival of John Wesley, Charles Wesley and George Whitefield in Britain and the Great Awakening in America prior to the Revolution. A similar (but smaller scale) revival inScotland took place at Cambuslang, then a village and is known as the Cambuslang Work.
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A new fervor spread within the Anglican Church at the end of thecentury, when the Evangelical party of John Newton,William Wilberforce and his Clapham sect were inspired to combat social ills at home and slavery abroad, and foundedBible and missionary societies.-------------------------------------------------
19th century
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During the 18th century England saw a series of Methodist revivalist campaigns thatstressed the tenets of faith set forth by John Wesley and that were conducted in accordance with a careful strategy. In addition to stressing the evangelist combination of "Bible, cross, conversion,and activism," the revivalist movement of the 19th century made efforts toward a universal appeal – rich and poor, urban and rural, and men and women. Special efforts were made to attract children...