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LITERATURA TESTIMONIAL INDÍGENA EN GUATEMALA (1987-2001):
VÍCTOR MONTEJO Y HUMBERTO AK’ABAL

By
CLAUDIA GARCÍA

A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL
OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT
OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF
MASTER OF ARTS
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
2005

Copyright 2005
by
Claudia García

TABLE OF CONTENTS
pageABSTRACT....................................................................................................................... iv
CHAPTER
1

INTRODUCCIÓN........................................................................................................1
Descripción ...................................................................................................................1
Apoyos teóricos............................................................................................................7
Selección de las unidades de análisis..........................................................................10
Contexto histórico-político (1980-2001) ....................................................................12

2

LITERATURA TESTIMONIAL DE LA DÉCADA DEL OCHENTA ....................19

3CONTEXTO CULTURAL Y POLÍTICO DE LA PRODUCCIÓN DE AK’ABAL
Y MONTEJO..............................................................................................................33
Movimiento maya, representatividad e identidad indígena: la producción de Victor
Montejo en su contexto cultural y político ............................................................33
Campo literario en Guatemaladurante la década del noventa: surgimiento y
repercusión de la producción de Humberto Ak’abal. ............................................54

4

TESTIMONIO DE VÍCTOR MONTEJO ..................................................................61

5

GRITO EN LA SOMBRA, DE HUMBERTO AK’ABAL........................................75

6CONCLUSIONES......................................................................................................91

LIST OF REFERENCES...................................................................................................99
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH ...........................................................................................103

iii

Abstract of Thesis Presented to the Graduate School
of the University of Florida inPartial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts
LITERATURA TESTIMONIAL INDIGENA EN GUATEMALA (1987-2001):
VICTOR MONTEJO Y HUMBERTO AK’ABAL
By
Claudia Garcia
May 2005
Chair: Andrés Avellaneda
Major Department: Romance Languages and Literatures
The main purpose of this thesis is to analyze the production of two indigenous
Mayan authors from Guatemala: VíctorMontejo and Humberto Ak’abal. Although they
both write in their native Mayan language as well as in Spanish, the two texts examined
in this thesis were originally written in Spanish. Those texts are Testimonio: muerte de
una comunidad indígena en Guatemala (1987) by Montejo and Grito en la sombra (2001)
by Ak’abal. Because both texts can be considered testimonial, this thesis also examines
theevolution of testimonial literature in Guatemala in the period 1987-2001.
Montejo’s Testimonio basically denounces the genocidal repressive action of the
Guatemalan military against an indigenous community, conforming to a certain classic
conception of testimony. However, his Testimonio displays the appropriation of Western
literary strategies (like the use of suspense) to organize an indigenoustestimonial
narrative. From a cultural and political perspective, the indigenous Maya movement
infuses his text with a broader social meaning.

iv

Ak’abal’s Grito en la sombra, on the other hand, is a collection of narratives that,
(mainly through a first person narrator) alternate rural, urban, and international settings.
The texts display the persistence and survival of the indigenous...
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