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BIBLIOTECA “MARIO MONTEFORTE TOLEDO”
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LA BIBLIOTECA “MARIO MONTEFORTE TOLEDO” DEL MINISTERIO DE RELACIONES EXTERIORES DE LA REPÚBLICA DE GUATEMALA NO SE HACE RESPONSABLE POR LOS COMENTARIOS Y OPINIONES VERTIDOS POR LOS AUTORES OPINIONES VERTIDOS PORLOS AUTORES
Central America (NAS SA Visible Earth)
CLIMATE PROTECTION IN GUATEM C MALA: THE DEV VELOPMENT T POTENTIA AL OF GREEN ENERGIES S Nelson n Rafael Oliv vero García The W Weatherhead d Center for Internatio onal Affairs Fellows Prog F gram Ha arvard Univ versity 61 Kirkland S Street Cambridge, Mass sachusetts April 18, 20 012
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OUTLINE Part One: Introduction 3 Searching for Green Energy 1. Consequences of the Climate Crisis: Natural Disasters 4 2. To Move Towards Clean Energy: Hypothesis 7 Part Two: The Reasons to Implement Clean Energy 9 Case Study Evidence of Two Individual Sectors in Central America 1. Energy Sector: Reducing Prices 9 2. Ecological Sector: Promoting Ecotourism 16 Part Three: The Results of Fighting Climate Change 20 “Visionary Guatemala” 1. Conclusions and Recommendations: Knowledge 20 2. New Perspectives: Developing Projects and Capacity‐Building 22 References 26 Acknowledgements 27 Remarks 28
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PART ONE: Introduction Searching for Green Energy “Of the environmental problems that have arisen since the beginning of the industrial revolution, few have posed greater uncertainties or greater potential threats than the possibility of global change due to the greenhouse effect.”1 Climate change, together with its causes, economic and social consequences, and its environmental impacts—natural disasters such as hurricanes, floods, landslides, droughts— makes up one of the principal global challenges facing our century and is the focus of the present research paper. Even though some members of the international community have undertaken climate protection measures in recent decades, CO2 emissions continue to increase and global warming is expected to accelerate. It is argued that the current promises made by the international community to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are insufficient if the rise in the earth’s warming due to these gases is to be limited to two degrees Celsius. “Global environmental changes and scientific assessments of those changes have become increasingly common elements in international, national, and even local policymaking and decision making.”2 This is a matter of concern because the impact of climate change is already significant and measurable. It is necessary that everyone be conscious that the adverse effects of global climatic change will increase during the course of this century, especially if the international
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