Estudiante

Second edition

Oxford

Practice
Grammar
with answers John Eastwood

Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press
Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP

Thanks

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The author and publisher would like to thank:

with an associated company in Berlin
Oxford and Oxford English
are trade marks of Oxford University Press.
ISBN 0 19 431369 7 (with answers)
ISBN 0 19 431427 8 (with answers with CD-ROM)
ISBN 0 19 431370 0 (without answers)

all the teachers in the United Kingdom and Italy who
discussed this book in the early stages ofits
development;
the teachers and students of the following schools
who used and commented on the pilot units of the
first edition:
The Bell School of Languages, Bowthorpe Hall,
Norwich
The Eckersley School of English, Oxford
Eurocentre, Brighton Eurocentre, London
Victoria King's School of English,
Bournemouth Academia Lacunza International House, San Sebastian, Spain

First published1992 (reprinted nine times)
Second edition 1999
Tenth impression 2002
Printing ref. (last digit): 6 5 4 3 2 1

the teachers and students of the following schools
who used and commented on the first edition of this
book:
Anglo World, Oxford
Central School of English, London
Linguarama, Birmingham

No unauthorized photocopying

Thomas Lavelle for his work on the American
Englishappendix;

© Oxford University Press 1992, 1999

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted,
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior
written permission of Oxford University Press.
This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall
not, by way oftrade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired
out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher's prior
consent in any form of binding or cover other than that
in which it is published and without a similar condition
including this condition being imposed on the
subsequent purchaser.

Illustrated by Richard Coggan Designed by Richard
Morris, Stonesfield Design Typeset by Tradespools
Ltd.,Frome, Somerset Printed in China

Rod Bolitho for his valuable advice on what students
need from a grammar book.

The author would also like to thank:
Stewart Melluish, David Lott and Helen Ward of
Oxford University Press for their expertise and their
commitment in guiding this project from its earliest
stages to the production of this new edition;
Sheila Eastwood for all her help andencouragement.

Contents
Introduction page vi
Key to symbols vii
Starting test viii

Words and sentences
1
2
3

Word classes: nouns, verbs, adjectives, etc 2
Sentence structure: subject, verb, object, etc 4
Direct and indirect objects 6

Verbs
4
5
6
7

The present continuous 8
The present simple 10
Present continuous or simple? 12
State verbs and action verbs 14
Test 1:Present tenses 16

8
9
10

The past simple 18
The past continuous 20
Past continuous or simple? 22
Test 2: Past simple and past continuous 24

11
12

The present perfect (1) 26
The present perfect (2): just, already, yet;
for and since 28
The present perfect (3): ever, this week, etc 30
Present perfect or past simple? (1) 32
Present perfect or past simple? (2) 34
Test 3: Presentperfect and past simple 36

13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

The present perfect continuous 38
Present perfect continuous or simple? 40
The past perfect 42
Review of the past simple, continuous and
perfect 44
The past perfect continuous 46
Test 4: Past and perfect tenses 48

21

Review of present and past tenses 50
Test 5: Present and past tenses 54

22
23
24
25
26
27...