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dvances in Contemporary Transcultural Nursing
SECOND EDITION

CONTEMPORARY NURSE

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APRIL 2008

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VOLUME 28

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ISSUE 1–2

Transcultural nursing: Pathways of cultural awareness

Edited by

AKRAM OMERI
Adjunct Associate Professor, University of Western Sydney NSW, Australia

and MARILYN McFARLAND
Associate Professor, University of Michigan, Flint MI, USA
ISBN978-0-9757710-5-1

e C ontent

PTY

management LTD

Sydney • Amsterdam • Palo Alto

Published in Australia by: eContent Management Pty Ltd PO Box 1027, Maleny QLD 4552, Australia Tel. +61-(0)7-5435 2900 Fax: +61-(0)7-5435 2911 E-mail: info@e-contentmanagement.com ABN 87 091 432 567 SAN 902-4964 Affiliates in: Sydney, Amsterdam, Palo Alto A special issue of the Contemporary Nurse journal:Volume 28 Issue 1–2 (April 2008) Advances in Contemporary Nursing – ISSN 1832-9861 – 4 volumes per annum from 2006 2008: Volume 9: Advances in Contemporary Aged Care – ISBN 978-0-9757710-1-3 Volume 10: Advances in Contemporary Palliative and Supportive Care – ISBN 978-0-9757710-4-4 Volume 11: Advances in Contemporary Transcultural Nursing, 2nd edn – ISBN 978-0-9757710-5-1 Volume 12: Advances inContemporary Nursing History & Midwifery in Australia – ISBN 978-0-9775742-8-5 2007: Volume 5: Advances in Contemporary Indigenous Health Care – ISBN 978-0-9750436-9-1 Volume 6: Advances in Contemporary Community and Family Health Care – ISBN 978-0-9757710-2-0 Volume 7: Advances in Contemporary Nurse Recruitment and Retention – ISBN 978-0-9757710-0-6 Volume 8: Advances in Contemporary General PracticeNursing – ISBN 978-0-9757710-3-7 2006: Volume 1: Advances in Contemporary Transcultural Nursing – ISBN 978-0-9750436-1-5 Volume 2: Advances in Contemporary Child and Family Health Care – ISBN 978-0-9750436-3-9 Volume 3: Advances in Contemporary Mental Health Nursing – ISBN 978-0-9759436-8-4 Volume 4: Advances in Contemporary Nursing and Interpersonal Violence – ISBN 978-0-9750436-6-0 Contact thepublisher for annual subscription details (Boxed Sets): info@e-contentmanagement.com Advances in Contemporary Transcultural Nursing, Second Edition Bibliography ISBN 978-0-9757710-5-1 1. Transcultural nursing 2. Transcultural nursing – case studies 3. Culture care theory 4. Ethnonursing 5. Cultural competency 6. Nurse leadership 7. Faith-based health 8. Muslim health 9. Indigenous health 10.Collaboration I. Omeri, Akram II. McFarland, Marilyn (Series: Advances in Contemporary Nursing – ISSN 1832-9861) © 2008, eContent Management Pty Ltd This publication is copyright. Other than for purposes of and subject to the conditions prescribed under the Copyright Act, no part of it may in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, microcopying, photocopying, recording or otherwise) bereproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted without prior written permission. Inquires should be addressed to the Publisher at: info@e-contentmanagement.com Publisher: James H. Davidson, eContent Management Pty Ltd Peer Review Coordinator: Jenny Gibson, eContent Management Pty Ltd Printed in Malaysia by Vivar Printing Sdn Bhd, Selangor D.E.

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Copyright © eContent Management Pty Ltd.Contemporary Nurse (2008) 28: iii–v.

FOREWORD

MADELEINE M LEININGER
PhD, LHD, DS, RN, CTN, FRCNA, FAAN

Professor Emeritus of Nursing College of Nursing Wayne State University Detroit MI, USA and The University of Nebraska Medical Centre College of Nursing Omaha NE, USA and Founder Transcultural Nursing and Human Care Research

T

ranscultural nursing continues to expand worldwide toprovide culturally congruent care to cultures that in the past have often been overlooked, avoided, feared, neglected, or misunderstood. From the beginning of transcultural nursing, the goal of this new discipline has been to provide humanistic, safe, and meaningful care to people of diverse cultures in the world. Slowly, this goal is being promoted and maintained by nurses and other health...