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A brief history of fluid mechanics.

One of the first engineering problems humankind faced as cities were developed was the supply of water for domestic use and irrigation of corps. Everysuccessful civilization of prehistory invested in the construction and maintenance of water systems. The roman aqueducts are the best known examples. However, perhaps the most impressive engineering from atechnical viewpoint was done at Hellenistic city of Pergamon , they built a series of pressurized lead and clay pipelines.
The earliest recognized contribution to fluid mechanics theory was made byArchimedes. He formulated and applied the buoyancy principle in history’s first nondestructive test to determinate the gold content of the crown of the King Hiero I.
During the middle ages elegantpiston pumps were developed for dewatering mines, and the watermill and windmill were perfected to grind grain. For the first time in human history significant work was being done without the power of amuscle supplied by a person or animal.
The Renaissance brought continued development of fluid systems and machines, but more importantly, the scientific method was perfected and adopted throughoutEurope. Simon Stevi, Galileo Galilei, Edme Mariotte and Torricelli were among the first to apply the method to fluids are they investigated hydrostatic pressure distribution and vacuums.
Isaac Newtonapplied his laws to fluids and explored fluid inertia and resistance, free jets and viscosity. That effort was built upon by Daniel Bernoulli and Leonard Euler. Together, their work defined the energyand momentum equations
By the mid nineteenth century fundamental advances were coming on several fronts. Jean Poiseulli had accurately measured flow in capillarity tubes for multiple fluids, while inGermany Hagen had differentiated between laminar and turbulent flow in pipes.
The dawn of the twentieth century brought two monumental developments. In 1903 the self-taught Wright brothers through...