Facts and figures

England
The name "England" is derived from the Old English name Engla land, which means "land of the Angles
As part of the United Kingdom, the basic political system in England is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary system.

Regions, counties, and districts

Northumberland
Tyne and Wear
Durham
Cumbria
Lancashire
North Yorkshire
E. Riding of Yorks.
S. Yorks.
W. Yorks.
Gr.Manc.
Mers.
Cheshire
Derbs.
Notts.
Lincolnshire
Rutland
Leics.
Staffs.
Shropshire
Heref.
Worcs.
W. Mids.
Warks.
Northants.
Cambs.
Norfolk
Suffolk
Essex
Herts.
Beds.
Gr. London
Kent
E. Sussex
Surrey
W. Sussex
Berkshire
Bucks.
Oxon.
Glos.
Bristol
Hampshire
Wiltshire
Somerset
Isle of Wight
Dorset
Devon
Cornwall

Climate
England has a temperate maritime climatemeaning that it is mild with temperatures not much lower than 0 °C (32 °F) in winter and not much higher than 32 °C (90 °F) in summer. The weather is damp relatively frequently and is subject to change. The coldest months are January and February, the latter particularly on the English coast, while July is normally the warmest month. Months with mild to warm weather with least rainfall are May,June, September and October.
Demographics
With over 51 million inhabitants, England is by far the most populous country of the United Kingdom, accounting for 84% of the combined total. England taken as a unit and measured against international states has the fourth largest population in the European Union and would be the 25th largest country by population in the world. With a density of 395people per square kilometre, it would be the second most densely populated country in the European Union after Malta.

Religion
Christianity is the most widely practised religion in England, as it has been since the Early Middle Ages, although it was first introduced much earlier, in Gaelic and Roman times. It continued through Early Insular Christianity, and today about 71.6% of English peopleidentify as Christians.[192] The largest form practised in the present day is Anglicanism,[193] dating from the 16th century Reformation period, with the 1536 split from Rome over Henry VIII wanting to divorce Catherine of Aragon, the religion regards itself as both Catholic and Reformed.
Education
The body responsible for state education in general up to the age of 19, in the United Kingdom is theDepartment for Children, Schools and Families—this body directly controls state schools in England.[201] Funded through taxation state-run schools are attended by approximately 93% of English schoolchildren. There is a minority of faith schools, mostly Church of England or Catholic Church. Between three and four is nursery school, four and eleven is primary school, and eleven to sixteen issecondary school, with an option for a two-year extension to attend sixth form college.

Science, engineering and innovation
Prominent English figures from the field of science and mathematics include Sir Isaac Newton, Michael Faraday, Robert Hooke, Robert Boyle, Joseph Priestley, J. J. Thomson, Charles Babbage, Charles Darwin, Stephen Hawking, Christopher Wren, Alan Turing, Francis Crick, JosephLister, Tim Berners-Lee, Andrew Wiles and Richard Dawkins. Some experts claim that the earliest concept of a metric system was invented by John Wilkins, first secretary of the Royal Society in 1668. As birthplace of the Industrial Revolution, England was home to many significant inventors during the late 18th and early 19th century. Famous English engineers include Isambard Kingdom Brunel, best knownfor the creation of the Great Western Railway, a series of famous steamships, and numerous important bridges, hence revolutionising public transport and modern-day engineering.[210] Thomas Newcomen's steam engine helped spawn the Industrial Revolution. The physician Edward Jenner's smallpox vaccine is said to have "saved more lives [...] than were lost in all the wars of mankind since the...