Filtration

CHEMESTRY

Laboratory Report


IV B
21/5/10
Grade:_________

Introduction

The technique used either to remove impurities from an organic solution or to isolate an organic solid is call Filtration technique. This technique is commonly used in organic chemistry laboratories, there are two kinds: gravity filtration and vacuum or suction filtration.

Theoretical Framework:Solute: A substance dissolved in another substance, usually the component of a solution present in the lesser amount.

Solvent: is a liquid, solid, or gas that dissolves another solid, liquid, or gaseous solute, resulting in a solution that is soluble in a certain volume of solvent at a specified temperature.

Filtration: is a mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation ofsolids from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass.

Aspect 1: Problem and selecting variable.

1. Formulating a problem.
1.1 AIM
Learn how to filtrate a substance, separating a liquid from a solid.

1.2 Problem
Is it possible to separate Cooper Chloride from water?

1.3 Hypothesis
It is possible to separate the Cooper Chloride from waterusing the separation technique of filtration, because the filter paper retains the particles of Cooper Chloride in the water.

2. Identifying Variables.

2.1 Independent Variables
* The quantity of Cooper Chloride.
* The quantity of water.

2.2 Dependent Variables
* The colour of the Solution.
* The composition of the substance.

2.3 Controlled Variables
* Laboratoryequipment cleanness.
* Water cleanness.
* The size of the filter paper.
* Weight on the table.



Aspect 2: Control of Variables
The students were able to control water and laboratory cleanness making sure that both of them were absolutely clean to proceed; also they cut out the size of the filter paper using the funnel circumference to be moreaccurate in the measuring. The students were careful and make sure nobody was touching the table while they were measuring, so the results don’t suffered any alteration.

Aspect 3: developing a method for collection of data
1. Materials
* Metal clamp
* Beaker of 100 ml
* Glass funnel
* Filter paper
* Water (50 ml)
* Beaker of 200 ml
* Copper chloride (5 g)
*Analytical balance
* Water container
* Micro spatula
* Watch glass
2. Procedure

* First the students cleaned the laboratory equipment that they were going to use with the water container.
* Then they cut out the filter paper using the glass funnel as a reference for the size.
* After doing all the mentioned, they proceed to fold the filter paper and poor some drops ofwater in the glass funnel, so the filter paper would get attached with it.
* Then the students place the glass funnel in the metal clamp.
* Then they weight the watch glass to take the tare and proceed to weight 5 grams of copper chloride in the analytical balance.
* Next they poor the copper chloride on a beaker that contained 50 ml of water and mixed them with the micro spatula untilit was completely uniform.
* After this they poor the solution in the funnel glass and waited until it was filtrated.
* Then they weight the wet filter paper in the analytical balance.
* For last the students let the wet filter paper dry. After this they weight the dry filter paper in the analytical balance.
* Finally the students repeat this process other two times.

Datacollection and processing

Aspect 1: Recording raw data

Weights of the filter paper |
# of filtration | Original filter paper | Wet filter paper | Dry filter paper |
Filtration #1 | 0.65 g | 1.78 g | 1.04 g |
Filtration #2 | 0.74 g | 2.51 g | 1.37 g |
Filtration #3 | 0.70 g | 2.01 g | 1.21 g |

Aspect 2: Processing raw data

Qualitative data

In the process of filtration the...